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The title was all about anticoagulant drugs, Summaries of Pharmacology

Pangasinan State University (PSU)Pharmacology
Prof. Carme Cortez

The content was all about anticoagulant drugs

Typology: Summaries

2022/2023

Uploaded on 10/09/2023

chona-fontanilla
chona-fontanilla 🇵🇭

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ANTICOAGULANT
By definition, anticoagulants are used to inhibit clot formation.
are administered orally or parenterally, both subcutaneously and by the intravenous (IV)
route.
HEPARIN
Heparin is a rapid-acting anticoagulant administered only by injection. Heparin differs from
warfarin (an oral anticoagulant) in several respects, including mechanism, time course,
indications, and management of overdose.
SubQ: Onset: 20-30 minutes
Peak: UK
Duration: UK
IV: Onset: Immediate
Peak: 5-10 minutes
Duration: 2-6 hours
Antidote: Protamine Sulfate
THERAPEUTIC USES:
1. Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
2. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
3. In addition, heparin is used for patients undergoing open heart surgery and renal
dialysis.
ADVERSE EFFECTS:
1. Hemorrhage
2. Spinal/Epidural Hematoma
3. Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia
CONTRAINDICATIONS:
pf3

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ANTICOAGULANT

 By definition, anticoagulants are used to inhibit clot formation.  are administered orally or parenterally, both subcutaneously and by the intravenous (IV) route.

HEPARIN

Heparin is a rapid-acting anticoagulant administered only by injection. Heparin differs from warfarin (an oral anticoagulant) in several respects, including mechanism, time course, indications, and management of overdose. SubQ: Onset: 20-30 minutes Peak: UK Duration: UK IV: Onset: Immediate Peak: 5-10 minutes Duration: 2-6 hours Antidote: Protamine Sulfate THERAPEUTIC USES:

  1. Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
  2. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
  3. In addition, heparin is used for patients undergoing open heart surgery and renal dialysis. ADVERSE EFFECTS:
  4. Hemorrhage
  5. Spinal/Epidural Hematoma
  6. Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia CONTRAINDICATIONS:

 Heparin is contraindicated for patients with thrombocytopenia and uncontrollable bleeding. In addition, heparin should be avoided both during and immediately after surgery of the eye, brain, or spinal cord. Lumbar puncture and regional anesthesia are additional contraindications. PHARMACOKINETICS: Absorption and Distribution:  Heparin cannot be absorbed if given orally and therefore must be given by injection (IV or subQ). Metabolism and Excretion:  Heparin undergoes hepatic metabolism by heparinase and excreted in urine. PHARMACODYNAMICS: Heparin, administered for acute thromboembolic disorders, prevents thrombus formation and embolism. It has been effectively used to treat DIC, which causes multiple thrombi in small blood vessels. Monitor for bleeding:

  1. Hematuria
  2. Melena
  3. Coffee ground emesis
  4. High HR and Low BP
  5. Headache

WARFARIN (Coumadin)

Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant that is synthesized from dicumarol. PO: Onset: 24-72 hours Peak: 36-72 hours, 5-7 days full effect Duration: 2-5 days Antidote: Vitamin K