Conflict Dynamics: A Comprehensive Analysis of Conflict Types and Intensity Levels, Assignments of International Relations

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Conflict Definition

Conflicts are differences concerning national

values of a certain length of time and

scope, between at least two parties that are

determined to resolve them in their favor.

A clash of interests (positional differences) or

an armed struggle between organised

groups within a nation or between nations

in order to achieve political, economic

territorial or military objectives (HIIK)

Conflict Issues

• decolonisation
• territory
• secession
• autonomy
• system, ideology
• national power
• regional predominance
• international power
• ressources
• residuals

Heidelberg Institute for International Conflict Research

Confict Intensity State of Violence Intensity Group Level of Intensity Name of Intensity Definition non- violent low 1 Latent Conflict A positional difference over definable values of national meaning is considered to be a latent conflict if respective demands are ar ticulated by one of the parties and perceived by the other as such. non- violent low 2 Manifest Conflict A manifest conflict includes the use of measures that are located in the preliminary stage to violent force. This includes for example verbal pressure, threatening explicitly with violence, or the imposition of economic sanctions. violent medium 3 Crisis A crisis is a tense situation in which at least one of the par ties uses violent force in sporadic incidents. violent high 4 Severe Crisis A conflict is considered to be a severe crisis if violent force is repeatedly used in an organized way. violent high 5 War A war is a type of violent conflict in which violent force is used with a certain continuity in an organized and systematic way. The conflict parties exercise extensive measures, depending on the situation. The extent of destruction is massive and of long duration. (^5)

Current Conflicts in 20 19

15 wars 23 severe crises 158 crises => 196 violent conflicts 91 manifest conflicts 71 latent conflicts => 358 conflicts altogether

Heidelberg Institute for International Conflict Research

The patterns of war, early 21 st century:

• (^) Mostly in the Global South - even though most military preparations are in the North
• Mostly within states, not between states
• (^) Casualties overwhelmingly civilian
• İrregular fight a widely used weapon
• (^) The potential for escalation and spread