PHẦN 1: NỘI DUNG ÔN TẬP
UNIT 1: AN INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION
1.1. Definition
-Communication is the process of sending and receiving information among
people. It is a way of reaching others by transmitting ideas and thoughts, feeling
and values.
1.2. Communication process
This process works as follows: the messenger has something to communicate, a
message. This message has an intent. The messenger will encode his message with
words, behaviour and body language that he senses will help him to best communicate
this message according to his intent. The message will go through a channel, a means of
communication such as e-mail, face to face or phone conversation, letter, presentation.
The receiver will then decode the message using conventions, cultural or contextual
background, and language skills. The message he receives might or might not meet the
intent of the message.
The SENDER
- Is an individual, group, or organization who initates the communication. This
source is initially responsible for the success of the message. Senders react to
situations from a unique vantage point, interpreting ideas and filtering experiences
through their own perception. Unique to individual senders, and integral to all the
communication they engage in, is a background of accumulated attitudes,
experiences, skills, cultural conditioning and individual differences that influence
how they communicate (Communication begins with the SENDER)
MESSAGE: the message connects the sender to the receiver
- Message are the verbal utterances and nonverbal behaviours to which meaning is
attributed during communication. Messages make a connection between senders
and receivers
ENCODING: process of putting thoughts and feelings into words and
nonverbal cues
- The first step the sender faces with involves the encoding process. In order to
convey meaning, the sender must begin encoding, which means translating
information into a message in the form of symbols that represent ideas or
concepts. This process translate the ideas or concepts into the coded message that
will be communicated. The symbols can take on numerous forms such as
languages, words, or gestures. These symbols are used to encode ideas into
messages that others can understand.
- When encoding a message, the sender has to begin by deciding what he/she wants
to transmit. This decision by the sender is based on what he/she believes about the
