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Material Questions And Answers
(1) Donders' measurement of reaction time is particularly important because it demonstrated the "time course" on which the mind operates. Donders found that it took to make a decision as to which buttons to push in response to a stimulus. a. less than one second. b. between one and two seconds. c. two to five seconds. d. more than five seconds. - correct answer ✅a. less than one second. Which of the following is a criticism of analytic introspection? a. It infers mental processes based on objective data. b. It produces results that are too easy to verify. c. It produces variable results from person to person. d. It requires no training. - correct answer ✅c. It produces variable results from person to person.
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The first experiments in cognitive psychology were based on the idea that mental responses can be _____. a. measured directly. b. inferred from the participants' behavior. c. measured by comparing the presentation of the stimulus and the participant's response. d. measured by comparing responses between the different participants. - correct answer ✅b. inferred from the participants' behavior. The fact that all young children go through a stage in language development in which they produce words like "wented" and "goed" was a problem for Behaviorism because: a. these words are likely to be part of an innate grammar system. b. correct speech is rewarded. c. these words are unlikely to be available as conditioned responses because adults don't produce them.
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What is a double dissociation and why is it an effective approach for cognitive neuroscience? - correct answer ✅Double dissociation is when two related mental processes are shown to function independently of each other. This is an effective approach for cognitive neuroscience because it allows us to identify functions that are controlled by different parts of the brain. The idea that specific cognitive functions activate many areas of the brain is known as: a. localization of function b. distributed processing c. modularity d. aphasia - correct answer ✅b. distributed processing List the broad regions of the cerebral cortex (lobes) and the general cognitive functions associated with each. - correct answer ✅Frontal lobe- associated with coordinating information received from all senses
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Parietal lobe- associated with touch, temperature, and pain Temporal lobe- associated with hearing, taste, and smell Occipital lobe- associated with vision What are the feature detectors discovered by Hubel & Wiesel (1960s)? - correct answer ✅Feature detectors are individual neurons in the cortex that fire in response to directional properties of a specific stimuli. (3) Palmer's experiment, in which he asked people to identify objects in a kitchen, showed how_____ can affect perception. a. illusory conjunctions b. naming association c. context d. attention - correct answer ✅c. context
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b. prägnanz c. principle of componential recovery d. coherence - correct answer ✅b. prägnanz If a word is identified more easily when it is in a sentence than when it is presented alone, this would be an example of ___ processing a. top-down b. bottom-up c. serial d. sequential - correct answer ✅a. top-down The perception pathway corresponds to the _____ pathway, while the action pathway corresponds to the _____ pathway. a. where; what b. what; where c. size; distance
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d. distance; size - correct answer ✅b. what; where (4) According to Treisman's attenuation model, which of the following would you expect to have the highest threshold for most people? a. the word "money" b. their child's first name c. the word "home" d. the word "coruscating" - correct answer ✅d. the word "coruscating" Sammy is driving her car faster than she probably should be down Elmwood. She looks from the road to her phone beside her for about half a second. When she looks back up, she fails to notice that the light has turned red and runs it. Sammy has unfortunately demonstrated ____. a. inattentional blindness b. change blindness
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d. location - correct answer ✅b. meaning Which of the following is an experimental procedure used to study how attention affects the processing of competing stimuli? a. early selection b. filtering c. channeling d. dichotic listening - correct answer ✅d. dichotic listening When Jimothy listens to his girlfriend Kathy in the restaurant and ignores other people's conversations, he is engaged in the process of _____ attention. a. low load b. selective c. cocktail party
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d. divided - correct answer ✅b. selective
