GENERAL EDUCATION ELECTIVE 1 |
PUBLIC SPEAKING AND PERSUASION
CHAPTER 2
Plagiarism comes from plagiarius, the Latin
word for kidnapper. It means to present
another person’s language or ideas as your own
– to give the impression you have written or
thought something yourself when you have
actually taken it from someone else.
Global Plagiarism is stealing your speech
entirely from another source and passing it off
as your own.
Patchwork Plagiarism is stealing ideas or
language from two or three sources and passing
them off as one’s own.
Incremental Plagiarism is failing to give credit
for particular parts of speech that are borrowed
from other people.
Measures to consider to prevent plagiarism:
1. Quotations is attributing the words you
used to the person who wrote it.
2. Paraphrase is to restate or summarize the
author’s ideas in one’s own words
Plagiarism and the Internet
Keep the following information to avoid
plagiarism when using the internet:
1. The title of the internet document
2. The author or organization responsible for
the document
3. The date on which the document was last
updated
4. The date on which you accessed the site
LISTENING
Hearing is a physiological process, involving the
vibration of sound waves on our eardrums and
the firing of electromechanical impulses from
the inner ear to the central auditory system of
the brain.
Listening involves paying close attention to, and
making sense of, what we hear.
Types of Listening
1. Attentive Listening
-engaging in the process deliberately and
paying attention to what we said.
2. Marginal Listening
-the marginal listeners do not activate their
mind even when expected to do so.
3. Selective Listening
-rather than completely ignoring what is
being said, the listener listen to a few or
some pieces of information.
4. Critical Listening
-occurs when the listener wants to
understand what the speaker is saying but
at the same time be responsible to appraise
what is said and how it is substantiated.
5. Evaluative Listening
-only when the listener is able to listen to
the other person well can he/she respond
correctly to what has been said.
-Evaluative Listening is particularly
pertinent when the other person is trying to
persuade us, perhaps to change our
behavior and maybe change our beliefs.
6. Emphatic Listening
-one should be able to think and feel with
and for the other.
7. Appreciative Listening
-it includes listening to music for enjoyment
and to literary texts such as poetry and
plays delivered orally.
-it also includes listening to your favorite
performers on stage and on television,
radio, or the movies.
Causes for Poor Listening
1. Not concentrating
2. Listening too hard
3. Jumping to conclusions
4. Focusing on delivery and personal
appearance
How to Become a Better Listener
1. Take listening seriously
2. Be an active listener
Active Listening is giving undivided
attention to a speaker in a genuine effort to
understand the speaker’s point of view.
3. Resist Distractions
4. Don’t be diverted by the Appearance or
Delivery
5. Suspend Judgment
6. Focus your listening
a. Listen for Main points
b. Listen for Evidence
c. Listen for Technique
7. Developing Note-Taking Skills
