Download PHTLS Test Questions and answers 2023 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
PHTLS Test Questions and answers
The pre-hospital assessment of the trauma patient begins with which of the following? Select one: a. Assessment of scene safety and situation b. Information provided by the dispatcher c. The initial assessment d. The primary survey Feedback - correct answer Information Provided by the dispatcher Patients with suspected traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are susceptible to secondary injuries which are typically preventable. In addition to hypoxia and hypotension which of the following can also decrease cerebral perfusion? Select one: a. Hypothermia b. Cerebral vasodilation c. Increased cardiac output d. Inadvertent or excess hyperventilation - correct answer Inadvertent or excess hyperventilation Approximately 20% of all child abuse is the result of intentional burning. The majority of the children intentionally burned are of what age? Select one: a.
10 to 12 years of age b. 5 to 6 years of age c. 1 to 2 years of age d. Less than 1 year of age - correct answer The correct answer is: 1 to 2 years of age Falls are the most common cause of death in trauma patients over _____ years of age Select one: a. 65 b. 75 c. 55 d. 69 - correct answer 75 Prehospital providers respond to a 17-year-old male who fell through a sliding glass door and sustained a large laceration to his arm that is bleeding heavily. He is restless and diaphoretic, with a weak, thready pulse. What is the most appropriate first action? Select one: a. Apply a tourniquet b. Pack the wound with a hemostatic dressing c. Initiate intravenous access d. Apply direct pressure - correct answer Apply Direct Pressure When caring for a trauma patient, a principle is what is necessary for patient improvement or survival. A preference is how the principle is achieved and depends
While caring for a patient who was involved in an altercation, the patient vomits, causing his airway to become totally obstructed with vomitus and blood. What is the most important action? Select one: a. Performing an RSI b. Performing a head-tilt chin lift c. Intubating d. Suctioning the airway - correct answer Suctioning the Airway A 30-year-old male is thrown from his horse, landing on the top rail of a pipe fence and now has a loss of sensation from the nipples down. What level of the spine do you suspect he injured? Select one: a. C b. T c. T d. T12 - correct answer The correct answer is: T Of the following, which is a preventable cause of secondary brain injury addressable during the transport phase? Select one: a. Intraparenchymal hemorrhage b. Systemic hypoxia c.
Intracranial hematomas d. Herniation syndromes - correct answer Systemic Hypoxia You have a patient who is 35 weeks pregnant who was assaulted by her boyfriend. Patient is having severe abdominal pain described as "tearing" and on exam you note her abdomen is asymmetrical and believe you can feel the fetus through the abdominal wall. What condition do you suspect? Select one: a. Placenta previa b. Abruptio placenta c. Ruptured uterus d. Abdominal aortic aneurysm - correct answer The correct answer is: Ruptured uterus Hypoperfusion will affect which of the following organs first? Select one: a. Kidney b. GI tract c. Brain d. Liver - correct answer Brain EMS responds to an adult barista with partial-thickness burns to the abdomen and right leg, sustained from a cooking accident. Initial treatment of this injury would include: Select one: a. Apply antibiotic ointment b.
Blood b. Teeth c. Tongue d. Vomitus - correct answer Tongue A patient presents with a blunt trauma injury to the chest. On exam, he has absent breath sounds on one side of his chest and respiratory distress. Which additional sign would indicate that the patient has a tension pneumothorax? Select one: a. Distended neck veins b. Inspiratory wheezing c. narrowed pulses pressure d. Tracheal deviation towards the side of injury - correct answer Distended Neck veins Which of the following is the best indicator of shock in a trauma patient? Select one: a. Depressed level of cognition b. Heart rate of 80 c. Respirations of 18 d. GCS of 15 - correct answer Depressed level of cognition When managing a pediatric patient, pre-hospital providers should do all of the following EXCEPT: Select one:
a. Use appropriately sized equipment b. Frequently reassess the patient c. Preserve body heat d. Use half the adult dose or medication administration - correct answer Use half the adult dose or medication administration Hemostatic agents should be used for excessive bleeding when direct pressure alone does not work. The proper way to use most hemostatic agents is which of the following? Select one: a. Placing the agent around the edges of the wound b. Placing the agent properly into the wound and holding direct pressure c. Only using it after a tourniquet has been applied for 10 minutes d. Hemostatic agents should never be used unless you have a fall in blood pressure - correct answer Placing the agent properly into the wound and holding direct pressure In a patient with a suspected traumatic brain injury, what is the most concerning physical finding? Select one: a. BP 140/ b. Heart rate of 58 c. Respiratory rate of 30 d. Altered level of consciousness - correct answer Altered Level of consciousness
b. Increased capillary permeability c. Increased sympathetic tone causing vasoconstriction d. Increased intrathoracic pressure - correct answer Loss of sympathetic tone causing vasodilation A 30-year-old male is injured in a terror bombing. He experiences traumatic amputation of his left leg at knee level. An improvised tourniquet was put in place by bystanders. The victim is conscious and in severe pain. Your first action should be to do which of the following? Select one: a. Provide IV analgesia b. Put on pressure dressing c. Confirm the tourniquet was properly applied d. Check the airway - correct answer Confirm the tourniquet was properly placed The secondary survey should be accomplished: Select one: a. Never on a critical patient b. Before transport c. When time and situation allow d. Before moving the patient - correct answer When time and situation allow Which of the following best guides the decision to provide spinal immobilization? Select one:
a. History and complaint b. Obvious signs of associated injury c. Patient's age and presence of pressure sores d. Mechanism alone - correct answer History and complaint Prehospital providers have treated a sucking chest wound with an occlusive dressing. During transport to the hospital, the patient develops increasing respiratory distress with increased respirations and absent lung sounds are noted on repeat auscultation. What is the most appropriate next intervention? Select one: a. Release and reapply the occlusive dressing b. Perform needle decompression c. Provide positive-pressure ventilation d. Perform endotracheal intubation - correct answer The correct answer is: Release and reapply the occlusive dressing __________ is the earliest sign of deterioration in a patient with a flail chest. Select one: a. Respiratory rate increase b. Oxygen saturation decrease c. Pulse rate increase d. Blood pressure decrease - correct answer Respiratory rate increase
c. Diffuse axonal injury d. Concussion - correct answer Intracranial hemorrhage When energy produced by the cells occurs during a state of adequate oxygenation, it is referred to as which of the following conditions? Select one: a. Aerobic metabolism b. Anaerobic metabolism c. Lactic acidosis d. Ketosis - correct answer The correct answer is: Aerobic metabolism Excessive fluid resuscitation of the trauma patient can result in which of the following? Select one: a. Worsening coagulopathy b. Decreased mortality c. Earlier discharge from the hospital d. A higher incidence of sepsis in the ICU - correct answer Worsening coagulopathy Which of the following information is assessed during the secondary survey? Select one: a. Skin temperature b. Hemorrhage
c. Breathing d. Vital signs - correct answer Vital Signs Hyperventilation of a patient with suspected traumatic brain injury should occur when? Select one: a. At time of injury b. When signs of impending brain herniation are present c. During a concussion d. Whenever the patient complains of headache - correct answer When signs of impending brain herniation are present EMS arrives on a scene and finds that emergency medical responders have attempted to immobilize a pediatric patient onto a long backboard. They note that the patient's head is in a flexed position. Which of the following actions is the most appropriate? Select one: a. Adjust the cervical collar b. Logroll patient into a left lateral recumbent position c. Place padding under the patient's head and neck d. Place padding under the patient's torso - correct answer Place padding under the patient's torso Units responding to a motor vehicle accident on the highway should consider which of the following as part of their pre-arrival assessment? Select one: a. Calling for more units to respond
Obtain IV access and infuse crystalloid b. Administer supplemental oxygen c. Hemorrhage control d. Rapid transport - correct answer Hemorrhage control The most appropriate airway maneuver in the initial management of a trauma patient is which of the following? Select one: a. Head tilt, chin lift b. Supraglottic airway c. Trauma jaw thrust d. Oropharyngeal airway - correct answer Trauma jaw thrust Which of the following is a Golden Principle of trauma care? Select one: a. Ensure adequate airway and ventilation b. Complete a thorough head-to-toe survey before initiating treatment c. Rescuer safety is secondary to caring for the patient d. Use chilled intravenous fluids to promote hypothermia - correct answer Ensure adequate airway and ventilation EMS is treating a 24-year-old soccer player who was kicked in the chest. Prehospital providers note paradoxical movement of a portion of the patient's chest wall. The
patient's respiratory rate is 16 and oxygen saturation is 94%. What is the most appropriate action? Select one: a. Endotracheal intubation b. Provide supplemental oxygen and transport to a trauma center c. Place bulky dressing over the wound and tightly wrap the chest d. Stabilize the segment with sandbags on the chest - correct answer Provide supplemental oxygen and transport to a trauma center In addition to glucose, what is required to maintain the metabolic processes of life and energy production? Select one: a. Carbon monoxide b. Krebs cells c. Lymphocytes d. Oxygen - correct answer Oxygen When approaching a trauma patient, what is the first assessment that must be made? Select one: a. Exsanguinating hemorrhage b. Scene safety c. Airway d.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage b. Alcohol poisoning c. Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm d. Subdural hematoma - correct answer Subdural Hematoma
