Download Peds Exam #1 Question and answers verified to pass 2025 and more Exams Pediatrics in PDF only on Docsity!
Peds Exam #1 Question and answers
verified to pass 2025
The clinic nurse is reviewing statistics on infant mortality for the United States versus other countries. Compared with other countries that have a population of at least 25 million, the nurse makes which determination? - correct answers The United States is ranked last among 27 countries. Which is the leading cause of death in infants younger than 1 year in the United States - correct answers Congenital anomalies What is the major cause of death for children older than 1 year in the United States? - correct answers Unintentional injuries In addition to injuries, what are the leading causes of death in adolescents ages 15-19 years? - correct answers Suicide and homicide The nurse is planning a teaching session to adolescents about deaths by unintentional injuries. Which should the nurse include in the session with regard to deaths caused by injuries? - correct answers More deaths occur in males What do mortality statistics describe? - correct answers The number of individuals who have died over a specific period The nurse should assess which age group for suicide ideation since suicide in which age group is the third leading cause of death? - correct answers Late school age and adolescents
Parents of a hospitalized toddler ask the nurse, "What is meant by family- centered care?" The nurse should respond with which statement? - correct answers Family-centered care recognizes that the family is the constant in a child's life The nurse is describing clinical reasoning to a group of nursing students. Which is most descriptive of clinical reasoning? - correct answers Purposeful and goal oriented Evidenced-based practice (EBP), a decision-making model, is best described as which? - correct answers Combining knowledge with clinical experience and intuition Which best describes signs and symptoms as part of a nursing diagnosis? - correct answers Cues and clusters derived from patient assessment The nurse is talking to a group of parents of school-age children at an after- school program about childhood health problems. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching? - correct answers Childhood obesity is the most common nutritional problem among children The nurse is planning care for a hospitalized preschool-aged child. Which should the nurse plan to ensure a traumatic care? - correct answers Allow the child to choose the type of juice to drink with the administration of oral medications Which situation denotes a non therapeutic nurse-patient-family relationship? - correct answers During shift report, the nurse is criticizing parents for not visiting their child
Which responsibilities are included in the pediatric nurse's promotion of the health and well-being of children? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers Promoting disease prevention Providing support and counseling Establishing a therapeutic relationship Participating in ethical decision making The nurse is conducting a teaching session for parents on nutrition. Which characteristics of families should the nurse consider that can cause families to struggle in providing adequate nutrition? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers Homelessness Lower income Migrant statu The nurse is preparing to complete documentation on a patient's chart. Which should be included in documentation of nursing care? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers -Reassessments -Initial assessments -Nursing care provided -Patient's response of care provided Which actions by the nurse demonstrate overinvolvement with patients and their families? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers -Buying clothes for the patients -Showing favoritism toward a patient -Spending off-duty time with patients and families
Which are included in the evaluation step of the nursing process? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers -Determination if the outcome has been met -Ascertaining if the plan requires modification -Selecting alternative interventions if the outcome has not been met Which should the nurse teach to parents regarding oral health of children? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers -Fluoridated water should be used. -Early childhood caries is a preventable disease. -Dental hygiene should begin with the first tooth eruption. The school nurse is explaining to older school children that obesity increases the risk for which disorders? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers - Hypertension -Dyslipidemia -Altered glucose metabolism The nurse is reviewing the Healthy People 2020 leading health indicators for a child health promotion program. Which are included in the leading health indicators? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers Decrease tobacco use Improve immunization rates Increase access to health care Which actions by the nurse demonstrate clinical reasoning? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers -Considering alternative action
A Hispanic toddler has pneumonia. The nurse notices that the parent consistently feeds the child only the broth that comes on the clear liquid tray. Food items, such as Jell-O, Popsicles, and juices, are left. Which statement best explains this? - correct answers The parent is trying to restore normal balance through appropriate "hot" remedies. How is family systems theory best described? - correct answers When the family system is disrupted, change can occur at any point in the system. Which family theory is described as a series of tasks for the family throughout its lifespan? - correct answers Developmental theory Which family theory explains how families react to stressful events and suggests factors that promote adaptation to these events? - correct answers Family stress theory Which type of family should the nurse recognize when the paternal grandmother, the parents, and two minor children live together? - correct answers Extended Which type of family should the nurse recognize when a mother, her children, and a stepfather live together? - correct answers Blended Which is an accurate description of homosexual (or gay-lesbian) families? - correct answers The quality of parenting is equivalent to that of non-gay parents. The nurse is teaching a group of new nursing graduates about identifiable qualities of strong families that help them function effectively. Which quality
should be included in the teaching? - correct answers Clear set of family values, rules, and beliefs When assessing a family, the nurse determines that the parents exert little or no control over their children. This style of parenting is called which? - correct answers Permissive When discussing discipline with the mother of a 4-year-old child, which should the nurse include? - correct answers Parental control should be consistent. Which is a consequence of the physical punishment of children, such as spanking? - correct answers Misbehavior is likely to occur when parents are not present. The parents of a young child ask the nurse for suggestions about discipline. When discussing the use of time-outs, which should the nurse include? - correct answers Select an area that is safe and nonstimulating, such as a hallway. A 3-year-old child was adopted immediately after birth. The parents have just asked the nurse how they should tell the child that she is adopted. Which guideline concerning adoption should the nurse use in planning a response? - correct answers Telling the child is an important aspect of their parental responsibilities. Children may believe that they are responsible for their parents' divorce and interpret the separation as punishment. At which age is this most likely to occur? - correct answers 4 years A parent of a school-age child tells the school nurse that the parents are going through a divorce. The child has not been doing well in school and sometimes
correct answers "Set clear and reasonable rules and expect the same behavior regardless of the circumstances." The nurse is discussing issues that are important with parents considering a cross-racial adoption. Which statement made by the parents indicates further teaching is needed? - correct answers "We are glad we will be getting full medical information when we adopt our child." The school nurse understands that children are impacted by divorce. Which has the most impact on the positive outcome of a divorce? - correct answers Family characteristics The nurse is discussing parenting in reconstituted families with a new stepparent. The nurse is aware that the new stepparent understands the teaching when which statement is made? - correct answers "I realize there may be power conflicts bringing two households together." The nurse is presenting a staff development program about understanding culture in the health care encounter. Which components should the nurse include in the program? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers Cultural humility Cultural sensitivity Cultural competency The parents of a 5-year-old child ask the nurse how they can minimize misbehavior. Which responses should the nurse give? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers Set clear and reasonable goals. Praise your child for desirable behavior. Teach desirable behavior through your own example.
Which describe the feelings and behaviors of early preschool children related to divorce? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers Regressive behavior Fear of abandonment Blame themselves for the divorce Which describe the feelings and behaviors of adolescents related to divorce? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers Disturbed concept of sexuality May withdraw from family and friends Worry about themselves, parents, or siblings Expression of anger, sadness, shame, or embarrassment The nurse is teaching parents about the effects of media on childhood obesity. The nurse realizes the parents understand the teaching if they make which statements? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers "Advertising of unhealthy food can increase snacking." "Increased screen time may be related to unhealthy sleep." "There is a link between the amount of screen time and obesity."
- Incorporates levels of education, occupation, income, and access to resources
- Distinguishes humans by physical traits
- Persons who have unique cultural, social, and linguistic heritage
Which abnormality is a common sex chromosome defect? - correct answers Turner syndrome Turner syndrome is suspected in an adolescent girl with short stature. What causes this? - correct answers Absence of one of the X chromosomes Which is a sex chromosome abnormality that is caused by the presence of one or more additional X chromosomes in a male? - correct answers Klinefelter Parents ask the nurse about the characteristics of autosomal dominant inheritance. Which statement is characteristic of autosomal dominant inheritance? - correct answers Each child of a heterozygous affected parent has a 50% chance of being affected. Parents ask the nurse about the characteristics of autosomal recessive inheritance. Which is characteristic of autosomal recessive inheritance? - correct answers Affected individuals have unaffected parents. Which is characteristic of X-linked recessive inheritance? - correct answers Affected individuals are principally males. A father with an X-linked recessive disorder asks the nurse what the probability is that his sons will have the disorder. Which response should the nurse make? - correct answers "None of the sons will have the disorder." The inheritance of which is X-linked recessive? - correct answers Hemophilia A Chromosome analysis of the fetus is usually accomplished through the testing of which? - correct answers Amniotic fluid
A couple asks the nurse about the optimal time for genetic counseling. They do not plan to have children for several years. When should the nurse recommend they begin genetic counseling? - correct answers Now, if they are members of a population at risk for certain diseases A woman, age 43 years, is 6 weeks pregnant. It is important that she be informed of which? - correct answers Increased risk for Down syndrome A couple has given birth to their first child, a boy with a recessive disorder. The genetic counselor tells them that the risk of recurrence is one in four. Which statement is a correct interpretation of this information? - correct answers The risk factor remains the same for each pregnancy. A couple expecting their first child has a positive family history for several congenital defects and disorders. The couple tells the nurse that they are opposed to abortion for religious reasons. Which should the nurse consider when counseling the couple? - correct answers The couple should be encouraged to have recommended diagnostic testing. Parents ask the nurse if there was something that should have been done during the pregnancy to prevent their child's cleft lip. Which statement should the nurse give as a response? - correct answers "The malformation occurs at approximately 5 weeks of gestation; there is no known way to prevent this." The nurse is teaching parents of a child with cri du chat syndrome about this disorder. The nurse understands parents understand the teaching if they make which statement? - correct answers "The crying pattern is abnormal and catlike."
A child has been found to have a deficiency in 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. Which condition is this child at risk for? - correct answers Hypercholesterolemia Phenylketonuria is a genetic disease that results in the body's inability to correctly metabolize which? - correct answers Phenylalanine Early diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and phenylketonuria (PKU) is essential to prevent which? - correct answers Cognitive impairment A breastfed infant has just been diagnosed with galactosemia. The therapeutic management of this includes which? - correct answers Stop breastfeeding the infant.
. Which can be directly attributed to a single-gene disorder? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers Cystic fibrosis Neurofibromatosis The nurse is reviewing the characteristics of autosomal dominant inheritance. Which are true about these characteristics? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers The phenotype appears in consecutive generations. Males and females are equally likely to be affected. Children of an affected parent have a 50% chance of being affected. The nurse is reviewing the characteristics of autosomal recessive inheritance. Which are true about these characteristics? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers Males and females are equally affected.
Carrier parents have a 25% chance of producing an affected child. Carrier parents have a 50% chance of producing a carrier child in each pregnancy. Which are signs and symptoms the nurse should assess in the newborn that can indicate an inborn error of metabolism? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers Jaundice Poor feeding Metabolic acidosis The nurse is interviewing a prenatal client about specific risk factors that are indications for prenatal testing. Which specific risk factors should the nurse note? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers Inherited disorder Cytomegalovirus infection Previous stillbirth or neonatal death The nurse is teaching nursing students about assessment clues to genetic disorders in the newborn. Which should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) - correct answers Low-set ears Epicanthal folds Forehead prominence
- Study of chromosomes, with special focus on chromosome abnormalities
- Complete genetic information of an organism
- A condition in which two individuals have the same genetic trait
The nurse's approach when introducing hospital equipment to a preschooler who seems afraid should be based on which principle? - correct answers The child may think the equipment is alive. When the nurse interviews an adolescent, which is especially important? - correct answers Allow an opportunity to express feelings. The nurse is preparing to assess a 10-month-old infant. He is sitting on his father's lap and appears to be afraid of the nurse and of what might happen next. Which initial actions by the nurse should be most appropriate? - correct answers Initiate a game of peek-a-boo. An 8-year-old girl asks the nurse how the blood pressure apparatus works. The most appropriate nursing action is which? - correct answers Explain in simple terms how it works. The nurse is having difficulty communicating with a hospitalized 6-year-old child. Which technique should be most helpful? - correct answers Provide supplies for the child to draw a picture. Which data should be included in a health history? - correct answers Review of systems The nurse is taking a health history of an adolescent. Which best describes how the chief complaint should be determined? - correct answers Ask the adolescent, "Why did you come here today?" The nurse is interviewing the mother of an infant. The mother reports, "I had a difficult delivery, and my baby was born prematurely." This information should be recorded under which heading? - correct answers History
The nurse is taking a sexual history on an adolescent girl. Which is the best way to determine whether she is sexually active? - correct answers Ask her, "Are you having sex with anyone?" When doing a nutritional assessment on a Hispanic family, the nurse learns that their diet consists mainly of vegetables, legumes, and starches. The nurse should recognize that this diet is which? - correct answers Providing sufficient amino acids Which parameter correlates best with measurements of total muscle mass? - correct answers Upper arm circumference The nurse is preparing to perform a physical assessment on a 10-year-old girl. The nurse gives her the option of her mother staying in the room or leaving. This action should be considered which? - correct answers Appropriate because of child's age With the National Center for Health Statistics criteria, which body mass index (BMI)-for-age percentiles should indicate the patient is at risk for being overweight? - correct answers 85th percentile Rectal temperatures are indicated in which situation? - correct answers Whenever accuracy is essential What is the earliest age at which a satisfactory radial pulse can be taken in children? - correct answers 2 years The nurse needs to take the blood pressure of a small child. Of the cuffs available, one is too large and one is too small. The best nursing action is which? - correct answers Use the large cuff.
