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OPOTA SPO's Questions and Answers
with Verified Solutions
The relationship between an SPO and a test question is, ✔✔• The test question must respond directly to the SPO and for every SPO there is a test question.
The ultimate reason for law enforcement training is ✔✔• To be able to protect the life and property of yourself and the public.
The term role is defined as, ✔✔• Characteristics and expected social behavior of an individual.
- Those behaviors typically performed by an individual in a particular situation or occupation.
Occupational Roles are defined as, ✔✔• Behavior performed in the course of perusing one's job or vocation.
- Role Conflict occurs when, ✔✔• The officer perceives a clash between competing perceptions, values, and standards when deciding what behavior is appropriate.
The term Stress is defined as, ✔✔• A state of physical or Psychological arousal.
- The wear and tear on the body.
A Critical Incident is defined as, ✔✔• A Specific event which causes unusually strong emotional reaction and which has the potential to interfere with the ability to function either at the scene or later.
The Four (4) categories of stress are, ✔✔1. Cognitive
- Physical
- Emotional
- Behavioral
Initial Intervention Techniques are, ✔✔1. Physical Exercises
- Structured Time
- Talk to Friends and Family
- Eat Healthy Foods
- Don't Make Life Changes
- The ten (10) Community Policing Philosophies are, ✔✔1. Community policing is both a philosophy and an organizational strategy that allows the police and community residents to
Community policing adds a vital pro-active element to the reactive role of police, resulting in full-spectrum police services.
Community policing stresses exploring new ways to enhance and protect the lives of those who are most vulnerable- juveniles, elderly, minorities, the poor, the disabled, the homeless.
Community policing promotes the judicious use of technology, but also rests on the belief that nothing surpasses what dedicated human beings, talking and working together, can achieve.
Community policing must be a fully integrated approach that involves everyone in the department, with the CPO's as specialists in bridging the gaps between the police and the people.
Community policing provides decentralized personalized police service to the community. It recognizes that police cannot impose order on the community from the outside, but that people must be encouraged to think of the police as a resource they can use in helping solve contemporary community concerns
Seven (7) Traditional criteria of a profession are, ✔✔1. A specific body of knowledge.
- Extensive preparation through professional education, training.
- A code of ethics.
- Licensing, regulations by boards and councils.
- Commitment and obligation to clientele.
- Relative professional autonomy.
- Public acknowledgement of status.
Federalism is defined as, ✔✔• A dual system of government.
Due Process of law is defined as ✔✔• The process of assuring fundamental fairness in the application of criminal justice.
Probable Cause is defined as ✔✔• The fact and circumstances which would lead a reasonable person to believe that a condition exists that justifies the action to be taken.
Proof beyond a Reasonable doubt is defined as, ✔✔• The accused's guilt must be established to the point that the facts proven must, by virtue of probative force, establish guilt.
Preponderance of Evidence is defined as, ✔✔• Where there is more likelihood of an event than there is doubt.
Section 42 USC 1983 is, ✔✔• Every person who, under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage, of any State or Territory or the District of Columbia, subjects, or causes to be subjected, any citizen of the United States or other person within the jurisdiction there of to the deprivation of any rights, privileges, or immunities secured by the Constitution and laws, shall be liable to the party injured in an action at law, suit in equity, or other proper proceeding for redress.
The Criminal Justice System is, ✔✔• The formal system established by the United States for maintaining social control and handling criminal conduct.
The four (4) components of the Criminal Justice System are, ✔✔1. Law Enforcement.
- Prosecution and Defense.
- Judiciary.
- Corrections.
Courts of Ohio are, ✔✔• Supreme Court of Ohio.
- Court of Appeals.
- Common Pleas Court.
- County Court.
- Municipal Court.
- Mayor Court.
- Court of Claims.
- The five (5) matters over which the Ohio Supreme Court has jurisdiction in are, ✔✔1. Quo Warranto.
- Madamus.
- Habeas Corpus.
- Prohibition.
- Precedents.
Offenses are divided into two (2) classes, ✔✔1. Felony.
- Misdemeanor.
A Felony is anything defined by law as a Felony. ✔✔A Felony is anything defined by law as a Felony.
A Misdemeanor is anything defined by law as a Misdemeanor. ✔✔A Misdemeanor is anything defined by law as a Misdemeanor.
- The eleven (11) sequential steps necessary to process an adult Felon through the Criminal Justice System, ✔✔1. Investigation.
- Arrest.
- Booking.
- Initial Appearance.
- Pre-luminary Hearing.
- Grand Jury.
- Arraignment.
- Pre-trial Motions and Hearings.
- Trial.
- Sentences.
- Appeals.
- The seven (7) sequential steps for an adult misdemeanor, ✔✔1. Investigation.
- Arrest/Summons/Citation.
- Initial Appearance.
- Arraignment.
- Trial.
- Sentencing.
- Appeals
The nine (9) stages of the Juvenile Justice process, ✔✔1. Investigation.
- Taking Into custody.
- Intake/ Detention Hearing.
- Formal Complaint.
- Pre-adjudication Hearing.
- Pre-luminary Conferences.
- Adjudication Hearing.
- Disposition.
- Appeal.
Ethics are defined as, ✔✔• The moral actions, conduct, motives and character of an individual.
Four (4) factors which most likely contribute to unethical behavior, ✔✔1. Anger.
- Lust (desire).
- Greed.
The purpose of the Code of Ethics is, ✔✔• To identify expected behavior.
Profiling/ Bias is unequal treatment by a law enforcement officer of any person by stopping, questioning, searching, detaining, or arresting on the basis of a person's ethnic or racial characteristics, gender, religion, or sexual orientation. ✔✔Profiling/ Bias is unequal treatment by a law enforcement officer of any person by stopping, questioning, searching, detaining, or arresting on the basis of a person's ethnic or racial characteristics, gender, religion, or sexual orientation.
The term Community Policing is defined as. ✔✔• A practical, effective way of policing that helps law enforcement and community partners' work together to identify crime and its related problems, and then develop ways to resolve and prevent crime and disorder from occurring.
The ten (10) principles of Community Policing, ✔✔1. Philosophy.
- Commitment.
- Personalized.
- Proactive.
- Trust.
- Change.
- Futuristic.
- Enforcement.
- Special Needs.
- Grass Roots.
Three (3) essential elements of Community Policing, ✔✔1. Partnership
- Empowerment
- Problem Solving
The four (4) steps in problem solving ✔✔1. Scanning.
- Analysis.
- Response.
- Assessment.
Two (2) examples of Community Policing initiatives that reduce and prevent crime, ✔✔1. Neighborhood Watch
- Citizens Police Academy
- Write or print neatly so that you can read and understand your note later.
- Record all information in ink.
- Let victims and witnesses talk through the event before you start recording notes.
- Ask clarifying follow up questions.
- Be as complete as possible.
- Do not record personal information in your notebook.
The six (6) essential characteristics of a report ✔✔1. Who.
- What.
- When.
- How.
- Where.
- Why.
The four (4) requirements of a well written report, ✔✔1. Complete.
- Concise.
- Accurate.
- Correct.
The four (4) culpable mental states ✔✔1. Purposely.
- Knowingly.
- Recklessly.
- Negligently.
Jurisdiction is defined as, ✔✔• The areas of authority: geographic area in which the court has power of the types of cases it hears.
Venue is defined as, ✔✔• The particular county or geographical area in which a court with jurisdiction may hear and determine a case.
Burden of proof is defined as, ✔✔• The duty of disputing facts during trial.
Statutory Law is, ✔✔• The body of the law created by acts of legislature in contrast to law generated by judicial opinions and administrative bodies.
Physical Harm to Property is defined as, ✔✔• Any tangible or intangible damage to property that, in any degree, results in the loss to its value or interferers with its use or enjoyment.
Serious Physical Harm to a Person is defined as, ✔✔• Any mental illness or condition of such gravity as would normally require hospitalization or prolonged psychiatric care.
- Any physical harm that carries a substantial risk of death.
- Any physical harm that involves some permanent incapacity, whether partial or total or that involves some temporary, substantial incapacity.
- Any physical harm that involves some permanent disfigurement or involves some temporary, serious disfigurement.
- Any physical harm involving acute pain of such duration as to result in substantial suffering or that involves any degree of prolonged pain or intractable pain.
Serious Physical Harm to Property is defined as, ✔✔• The substantial loss to the value of the property or requires a substantial amount of time, effort, or money to repair or replace.
- Temporarily prevent the use or enjoyment of the property or substantially interferes with its use or enjoyment for an extended period of time.
Sexual Conduct is defined as, ✔✔• Vaginal intercourse between a male and female; anal intercourse, fellatio, and cunnilingus between persons regardless of sex and without privilege to
do so, the insertion, however slight of any part of the body or any instrument, apparatus, or other object into the vaginal or anal opening of another.
Sexual Contact is defined as, ✔✔• For the purpose of sexual arousing or gratifying either person any touching of erogenous zones of another including without limitation: thigh, genitals, buttock, pubic region, and if the person is a female the breast.
- Sexual Activity is defined as, ✔✔• Sexual conduct, sexual contact, or both.
Spouse is defined as, ✔✔• A person married to the offender at the time of an alleged offense.
Serious Physical harm to Property is defined as, ✔✔• Harm to property that result in loss to the value of the property of $1,000 or more.
An Overt Act is defined as, ✔✔• An open act, done outwardly, without attempts to conceal and performed pursuant to and manifesting a specific intent or design.
