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NURSING MEDSURG 2 HESI EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ GUARANTEED SUCCESS
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“In planning care for a 6-month-old infant, what must the nurse provide to assist in the development of trust? A) Food B) Warmth C) Security
"Alcohol and drug abuse impairs judgment and increases risk taking behavior. What nursing diagnosis best applies? A) Risk for injury B) Risk for knowledge deficit C) Altered thought process
"Which these findings would the nurse more closely associate with anemia in a 10 month-old infant? A) Hemoglobin level of 12 g/dI B) Pale mucosa of the eyelids and lips C) Hypoactivity
lips" "The nurse is caring for a client in hypertensive crisis in an intensive care unit. The priority assessment in the first hour of care is A) Heart rate B) Pedal pulses C) Lung sounds
"In evaluating the growth of a 12 month-old child, which of these findings would the nurse expect to be present in the infant? A) Increased 10% in height B) 2 deciduous teeth C) Tripled the birth weight
"A Hispanic client in the postpartum period refuses the hospital food because it is "cold." The best initial action by the nurse is to
A) 1Have the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) reheat the food if the client wishes B) Ask the client what foods are acceptable or bad C) Encourage her to eat for healing and strength
Ask the client what foods are acceptable or bad" "The father of an 8 month-old infant asks the nurse if his infant's vocalizations are normal for his age. Which of the following would the nurse expect at this age? A) Cooing B) Imitation of sounds C) Throaty sounds
"The nurse should recognize that physical dependence is accompanied by what findings when alcohol consumption is first reduced or ended? A) Seizures B) Withdrawal C) Craving
"Immediately following an acute battering incident in a violent relationship, the batterer may respond to the partner's injuries by A) Seeking medical help for the victim's injuries B) Minimizing the episode and underestimating the victim's injuries C) Contacting a close friend and asking for help
Minimizing the episode and underestimating the victim's injuries" "The school nurse suspects that a third grade child might have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Prior to referring the child for further evaluation, the nurse should A) Observe the child's behavior on at least 2 occasions B) Consult with the teacher about how to control impulsivity C) Compile a history of behavior patterns and developmental accomplishments
Compile a history of behavior patterns and developmental accomplishments" "Which of the actions suggested to the RN by the PN during a planning conference for a 10 month-old infant admitted 2 hours ago with bacterial meningitis would be acceptable to add to the plan of care? A) Measure head circumference B) Place in airborne isolation
"A client with heart failure has Lanoxin (digoxin) ordered. What would the nurse expect to find when evaluating for the therapeutic effectiveness of this drug? A) Diaphoresis with decreased urinary output B) Increased heart rate with increase respirations C) Improved respiratory status and increased urinary output D) Decreased chest pain and
urinary output" "While providing home care to a client with congestive heart failure, the nurse is asked how long diuretics must be taken. What is the nurse's best response? A) "As you urinate more, you will need less medication to control fluid. "B) "You will have to take this medication for about a year." C) "The medication must be continued so the fluid problem is controlled.
"A client is being discharged with a prescription for chlorpromazine (Thorazine).Before leaving for home, which of these findings should the nurse teach the client to report? A) Change in libido, breast enlargement B) Sore throat, fever C) Abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea
"A mother brings her 6-year-old child, who has just stepped on a rusty nail, to the pediatrician's office. Upon inspection, the nurse notes that the nail went through the shoe and pierced the bottom of the child's foot. Which action should the nurse implement first? A. Cleanse the foot with soap and water and apply an antibiotic ointment B. Provide teaching about the need for a tetanus booster within the next 72 hours. C. have the mother check the child's temperature q4h for the next 24 hours D. transfer the child to the emergency department to receive a gamma globulin
antibiotic ointment" "Which type of accidental poisoning would the nurse expect to occur in children under age 6? A) Oral ingestion B) Topical contact C) Inhalation
"A client was admitted to the psychiatric unit with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. He constantly bothers other clients, tries to help the housekeeping staff, demonstrates pressured speech and demands constant attention from the staff. Which activity would be best for the client? A) Reading B) Checkers C) Cards
"The nurse is caring for a client who has developed cardiac tamponade. Which finding would the nurse anticipate? A) Widening pulse pressure B) Pleural friction rub C) Distended neck veins
"Which nursing action is a priority as the plan of care is developed for a 7 year-old child hospitalized for acute glomerulonephritis? A) Assess for generalized edema B) Monitor for increased urinary output C) Encourage rest during hyperactive periods
increased blood pressure" "The nurse is caring for a child receiving chest physiotherapy (CPT). Which of the following actions by the nurse would be appropriate? A) Schedule the therapy thirty minutes after meals B) Teach the child not to cough during the treatment C) Confine the percussion to the rib cage area
percussion to the rib cage area" "Why is it important for the nurse to monitor blood pressure in clients receiving antipsychotic drugs? A) Orthostatic hypotension is a common side effect B) Most antipsychotic drugs cause elevated blood pressure C) This provides information on the amount of sodium allowed in the diet
Orthostatic hypotension is a common side effect" "A 38 year-old female client is admitted to the hospital with an acute exacerbation of asthma. This is her third admission for asthma in 7 months. She describes how she doesn't really like having to
"The nurse admits a client newly diagnosed with hypertension. What is the best method for assessing the blood pressure? A) Standing and sitting B) In both arms C) After exercising
"The nurse is caring for residents in a long term care setting for the elderly. Which of the following activities will be most effective in meeting the growth and development needs for persons in this age group? A) Aerobic exercise classes B) Transportation for shopping trips C) Reminiscence groups
"Post-procedure nursing interventions for electroconvulsive therapy include A) Applying hard restraints if seizure occurs B) Expecting client to sleep for 4 to 6 hours C) Remaining with client until oriented
oriented" "The nurse assesses delayed gross motor development in a 3 year-old child. The inability of the child to do which action confirms this finding? A) Stand on 1 foot B) Catch a ball C) Skip on alternate feet
"The mother of a 15 month-old child asks the nurse to explain her child's lab results and how they show her child has iron deficiency anemia. The nurse's best response is A) "Although the results are here, your doctor will explain them later. "B) "Your child has less red blood cells that carry oxygen. "C) "The blood cells that carry nutrients to the cells are too large."
"Your child has less red blood cells that carry oxygen."" "In a child with suspected coarctation of the aorta, the nurse would expect to find A) Strong pedal pulses B) Diminishing carotid pulses C) Normal femoral pulses
"At the day treatment center a client diagnosed with Schizophrenia - Paranoid Type sits alone alertly watching the activities of clients and staff. The client is hostile when approached and asserts that the doctor gives her medication to control her mind. The client's behavior most likely indicates A) Feelings of increasing anxiety related to paranoia B) Social isolation related to altered thought processes C) Sensory perceptual alteration related to withdrawal from environment
Social isolation related to altered thought processes" "A client is diagnosed with methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. What type of isolation is most appropriate for this client? A) Reverse B) Airborne C) Standard precautions
"The school nurse is teaching the faculty the most effective methods to prevent the spread of lice in the school. The information that would be most important to include would be which of these statements? A) "The treatment requires reapplication in 8 to 10 days." B) "Bedding and clothing can be boiled or steamed." C) Children are not to share hats, scarves and combs.
share hats, scarves and combs." "During the care of a client with a salmonella infection, the primary nursing intervention to limit transmission is which of these approaches? A) Wash hands thoroughly before and after client contact B) Wear gloves when in contact with body secretions C) Double glove when in contact with feces or vomitus
thoroughly before and after client contact" "A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about compromised host precautions. The client is receiving filgrastim (Neupogen) for neutropenia. The selection of which lunch suggests the client has learned about necessary dietary changes? A) Grilled chicken sandwich and skim milk B) Roast beef, mashed potatoes, and green beans C) Peanut butter sandwich, banana, and iced tea
"The nurse is performing a developmental assessment on an 8 month-old. Which finding should be reported to the health care provider? A) Lifts head from the prone position B) Rolls from abdomen to back C) Responds to parents' voices
"A client has received her first dose of fluphenazine (Prolixin) 2 hours ago. She suddenly experiences torticollis and involuntary spastic muscle movement. In addition to administering the ordered anticholinergic drug, what other measure should the nurse implement? A) Have respiratory support equipment available B) Immediately place her in the seclusion room C) Assess the client for anxiety and agitation
respiratory support equipment available" "The nurse walks into a client's room and finds the client lying still and silent on the floor. The nurse should first A) Assess the client's airway B) Call for help C) Establish that the client is unresponsive
unresponsive" "The nurse is caring for a client 2 hours after a right lower lobectomy. During the evaluation of the water-seal chest drainage system, it is noted that the fluid level bubbles constantly in the water seal chamber. On inspection of the chest dressing and tubing, the nurse does not find any air leaks in the system. The next best action for the nurse is to A) Check for subcutaneous emphysema in the upper torso B) Reposition the client to a position of comfort C) Call the health care provider as soon as possible
for subcutaneous emphysema in the upper torso" "The nurse is teaching a client with dysrhythmia about the electrical pathway of an impulse as it travels through the heart. Which of these demonstrates the normal pathway? A) AV node, SA node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers B) Purkinje fibers, SA node, AV node, Bundle of His C) Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers, SA node , AV node
node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers"
"When assessing a client who has just undergone a cardioversion, the nurse finds the respirations are 12. Which action should the nurse take first? A) Try to vigorously stimulate normal breathing B) Ask the RN to assess the vital signs C) Measure the pulse oximetry
respirations" "When assessing a client, it is important for the nurse to be informed about cultural issues related to the client's background because A) Normal patterns of behavior may be labeled as deviant, immoral, or insane B) The meaning of the client's behavior can be derived from conventional wisdom C) Personal values will guide the interaction between persons from 2 cultures
insane" "The nurse is responsible for several elderly clients, including a client on bed rest with a skin tear and hematoma from a fall 2 days ago. What is the best care assignment for this client? A) Assign an RN to provide total care of the client B) Assign a nursing assistant to help the client with self-care activities C) Delegate complete care to an unlicensed assistive personnel
assistant for skin care" "The nursing student is discussing with a preceptor the delegation of tasks to an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). Which tasks, delegated to a UAP, indicates the student needs further teaching about the delegation process? A) Assist a client post cerebral vascular accident to ambulate B) Feed a 2 year-old in balanced skeletal traction C) Care for a client with discharge orders
with discharge orders" "After working with a very demanding client, an unlicensed assistive personnel(UAP) tells the nurse, "I have had it with that client. I just can't do anything that pleases him. I'm not going in there again." The nurse should respond by saying A) "He has a lot of problems. You need to have patience with him. "B) "I will talk with him and try to figure out what to do." C) "He is scared and taking it out on you. Let's talk to figure out what to do."
"A client tells the nurse, "I have something very important to tell you if you promise not to tell." The best response by the nurse is A) "I must document and report any information." B) "I can't make such a promise." C) "That depends on what you tell me."
responsive to voice and touch" "Which task could be safely delegated by the nurse to an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? A) Be with a client who self-administers insulin B) Cleanse and dress a small decubitus ulcer C) Monitor a client's response to passive range of motion exercises
client's rectal pouch" "A client asks the nurse to call the police and states: "I need to report that I am being abused by a nurse." The nurse should first A) Focus on reality orientation to place and person B) Assist with the report of the client's complaint to the police C) Obtain more details of the client's claim of abuse
"A nurse from the maternity unit is floated to the critical care unit because of staff shortage on the evening shift. Which client would be appropriate to assign to this nurse? A client with A) A Dopamine drip IV with vital signs monitored every 5 minutes B) A myocardial infarction that is free from pain and dysrhythmias C) A tracheotomy of 24 hours in some respiratory distress
myocardial infarction that is free from pain and dysrhythmias" "An unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP), who usually works on a surgical unit is assigned to float to a pediatric unit. Which question by the charge nurse would be most appropriate when making delegation decisions? A) "How long have you been a UAP and what units you have worked on?" B) "What type of care do you give on the surgical unit and what ages of clients?" C) "What is your comfort level in caring for children and at what ages?"
"A client frequently admitted to the locked psychiatric unit repeatedly compliments and invites one of the nurses to go out on a date. The nurse's response should be to
A) Ask to not be assigned to this client or to work on another unit B) Tell the client that such behavior is inappropriate C) Inform the client that hospital policy prohibits staff to date clients
"In order to enhance a client's response to medication for chest pain from acute angina, the nurse should emphasize A) Learning relaxation techniques B) Limiting alcohol use C) Eating smaller meals
"The nurse is caring for 2 children who have had surgical repair of congenital heart defects. For which defect is it a priority to assess for findings of heart conduction disturbance? A) Arterial septal defect B) Patent ductus arteriosus C) Aortic stenosis
"Clients with mitral stenosis would likely manifest findings associated with congestion in the A) Pulmonary circulation B) Descending aorta C) Superior vena cava
"The nurse is teaching a smoking cessation class and notices there are 2 pregnant women in the group. Which information is a priority for these women? A) Low tar cigarettes are less harmful during pregnancy B) There is a relationship between smoking and low birth weight C) The placenta serves as a barrier to nicotine
relationship between smoking and low birth weight" "What is the best way for the nurse to accomplish a health history on a 14 year-old client? A) Have the mother present to verify information B) Allow an opportunity for the teen to express feelings C) Use the same type of language as the adolescent
opportunity for the teen to express feelings"
C) Outward bound
"The nurse asks a client with a history of alcoholism about the client's drinking behavior. The client states "I didn't hurt anyone. I just like to have a good time, and drinking helps me to relax." The client is using which defense mechanism? A) Denial B) Projection C) Intellectualization
"One reason that domestic violence remains extensively undetected is A) Few battered victims seek medical care B) There is typically a series of minor, vague complaints C) Expenses due to police and court costs are prohibitive
"A client develops volume overload from an IV that has infused too rapidly. What assessment would the nurse expect to find? A) S3 heart sound B) Thready pulse C) Flattened neck veins
"An explosion has occurred at a high school for children with special needs and severe developmental delays. One of the students accompanied with a parent is seen at a community health center a day later. After the initial assessment the nurse concludes that the student appears to be in a crisis state. Which of these interventions based on crisis intervention principles is appropriate to do next? A) Help the student to identify a specific problem B) Ask the parent to identify the major problem C) Ask the student to think of different alternatives
identify the major problem" "Which statement made by a client to the admitting nurse suggests that the client is experiencing a manic episode? A) "I think all children should have their heads shaved. "B) "I have been restricted in thought and harmed." C) "I have powers to get you whatever you wish, no matter the cost.
C) "I have powers to get you whatever you wish, no matter the cost."" "A client says, "It's raining outside and it's raining in my heart. Did you know that St. Patrick drove the snakes out of Ireland? I've never been to Ireland." The nurse would document this behavior as A) Perseveration B) Circumstantiality C) Neologisms
"During the change-of-shift report the assigned nurse notes a Catholic client is scheduled to be admitted for the delivery of a ninth child. Which comment stated angrily to a colleague by this nurse indicates an attitude of prejudice? A) "I wonder who is paying for this trip to the hospital? "B) "I think she needs to go to the city hospital. "C) "All those people indulge in large families!
"Doesn't she know there's such a thing as birth control?"" "Which of these statements by the nurse reflects the best use of therapeutic interaction techniques? A) "You look upset. Would you like to talk about it? "B) "I'd like to know more about your family. Tell me about them." C) "I understand that you lost your partner. I don't think I could go on if that happened to me."
upset. Would you like to talk about it?"" "A nurse in the emergency department suspects domestic violence as the cause of a client's injuries. What action should the nurse take first? A) Ask client if there are any old injuries also present B) Interview the client without the persons who came with the client C) Gain client's trust by not being hurried during the intake process
without the persons who came with the client" "A nurse has just received a medication order which is not legible. Which statement best reflects assertive communication? A) "I cannot give this medication as it is written. I have no idea of what you mean." B) "Would you please clarify what you have written so I am sure I am reading it correctly?"
may or may not mean your child has epilepsy."" "Which of these clients who are all in the terminal stage of cancer is least appropriate to suggest the use of patient controlled analgesia (PCA) with a pump? A) A young adult with a history of Down's syndrome B) A teenager who reads at a 4th grade level C) An elderly client with numerous arthritic nodules on the hands
preschooler with intermittent episodes of alertness" "The nurse is about to assess a 6 month-old child with nonorganic failure-to thrive (NOFTT). Upon entering the room, the nurse would expect the baby to be A) Irritable and "colicky" with no attempts to pull to standing B) Alert, laughing and playing with a rattle, sitting with support C) Skin color dusky with poor skin turgor over abdomen
arms and legs, uninterested in surroundings" "As the nurse is speaking with a group of teens which of these side effects of chemotherapy for cancer would the nurse expect this group to be more interested in during the discussion? A) Mouth sores B) Fatigue C) Diarrhea
"While caring for a client who was admitted with myocardial infarction (MI) 2 days ago, the nurse notes today's temperature is 101.1 degrees Fahrenheit (38.5 degreesCelsius). The appropriate nursing intervention is to A) Call the health care provider immediately B) Administer acetaminophen as ordered as this is normal at this time C) Send blood, urine and sputum for culture
ordered as this is normal at this time" "A client is admitted for first and second degree burns on the face, neck, anterior chest and hands. The nurse's priority should be A) Cover the areas with dry sterile dressings B) Assess for dyspnea or stridor C) Initiate intravenous therapy
"Which of these clients who call the community health clinic would the nurse ask to come in that day to be seen by the health care provider? A) I started my period and now my urine has turned bright red. B) I am an diabetic and today I have been going to the bathroom every hour. C) I was started on medicine yesterday for a urine infection. Now my lower belly hurts when I go to the bathroom.
hurt when I went." "Which of these parents' comment for a newborn would most likely reveal an initial finding of a suspected pyloric stenosis? A) I noticed a little lump a little above the belly button. B) The baby seems hungry all the time. C) Mild vomiting that progressed to vomiting shooting across the room.
vomiting that progressed to vomiting shooting across the room." "The nurse is assessing a child for clinical manifestations of iron deficiency anemia. Which factor would the nurse recognize as cause for the findings? A) Decreased cardiac output B) Tissue hypoxia C) Cerebral edema
"The nurse would expect the cystic fibrosis client to receive supplemental pancreatic enzymes along with a diet A) High in carbohydrates and proteins B) Low in carbohydrates and proteins C) High in carbohydrates, low in proteins
and proteins" "A client with pneumococcal pneumonia had been started on antibiotics 16 hours ago.During the nurse's initial evening rounds the nurse notices a foul smell in the room. The client makes all of these statements during their conversation. Which statement would alert the nurse to a complication? A) "I have a sharp pain in my chest when I take a breath. "B) "I have been coughing up foul-tasting, brown, thick sputum. " C) "I have been sweating all day.
brown, thick sputum."