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Nursing 100 Final Exam Questions with Complete
Solution
1. The occupational health nurse is educating a group of workers who do heavy lifting. Which safety aspects
should be included in the session? Select all that apply.
A. Squat to lift objects.
B. Keep elbows to the side.
C. Spread legs apart when lifting.
D. Use thigh muscles when lifting.
E. Stand on tiptoes to reach objects.: A. Squat to lift objects
C. Spread legs apart when lifting. D. Use thigh muscles when lifting.
2. Which aspect of the exercise regimen should the nurse refrain from includ- ing when developing an exercise
program for an older client with arthritis?
A. Exercise that makes you breathe hard
B. Heavy weights to improve resistance
C. Stretching every other day to improve flexibility
D. Standing on one foot, then the other, to improve balance: D. Standing on one foot, then the other, to improve
balance
3. The nurse is educating a group of nursing assistants regarding proper body mechanics. Which key concepts
should the nurse include in the presentation? Select all that apply.
A. Balance
B. Coordination
C. Joint mobility
D. Base of support
E. Body alignment
F. Center of gravity: A. Balance
B. Coordination C. Joint mobility E. Body alignment
4. A client who is bedridden asks the nurse what exercises can be included to prevent muscle atrophy. What is
the nurse's best response?
A. Isometric
B. Isotonic
C. Aerobic
D. Anaerobic: A. Isometric
5. Which type of exercise program does a nurse recommend to an older adult to prevent injury and muscle
strain?
A. Intensity
prevent nurse back injuries while transferring a patient? Select all that apply.
A. Use electric or mechanical lifts for transfers.
B. Obtain assistance from other staff members.
C. Lock wheels and furniture and equipment before moving clients.
D. Move clients around equipment and furniture.
E. Transfer the client first, then move any tubing.: A. Use electric or mechanical lifts for transfers.
B. Obtain assistance from other staff members. C. Lock wheels and furniture and equipment before moving clients.
9. In which position should the nurse place the client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is
short of breath?
A. Supine
B. Orthopneic
C. Semi-Fowler's
D. High-Fowler's: B. Orthopneic
10. What should the nurse do for a client with orthostatic hypotension who is preparing to get out of bed to walk
for the first time in several days?
A. Use a standing frame to promote stability.
B. Dangle the client's legs off the side of the bed.
C. Employ the mechanical lift to transfer the client.
D. Have the client place his or her arms around the nurse's neck.: B. Dangle the client's legs off the side of the bed.
11. A holistic approach to nursing care of the client with sexual disorders requires the nurse generalist to
have which of the following?
A. The ability to diagnose sexual disorders
B. Extensive experience in caring for clients with sexual disorders
C. A basic understanding of the nursing process
4) Sexual Dysfunction related to fear of the unknown: 2) Ineffective Sexuality Patterns related to values conflicts
Rationale: The nursing diagnosis Ineffective Sexuality Patterns in used when the patient expresses concerns about her own sexuality, whereas Sexual Dysfunction is used when there is an actual change in sexual function that the patient views as unsatisfying, unrewarding, or inadequate. In this situation, the patient still views herself as being committed to her deceased husband, causing a conflict in values.
14. Based on a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective Sexuality Patterns related to values conflicts, what would be the
most effective nursing intervention for a patient?
1) Educate the patient about sexual orientation and function.
2) Encourage the patient to discuss relationship problems with her partner.
3) Advise the patient to discuss her value conflict with a counselor.
4) Instruct the patient on effective methods to identify fears.: 3) Advise the patient to discuss her value conflict
with a counselor. Rationale: Effective nursing interventions address the etiology of the identified nursing diagnoses. This patient is experiencing a values conflict. Therefore, interven- tions must address this concern rather than issues, such as fears and relationship problems. The partner might not be the most suitable person for the patient to talk to because she would be too close to the matter; a counselor is trained to discuss sexuality and values conflicts in a professional and objective manner.
15. In order to discuss a clients sexual health needs in a comfortable and competent manner, it is most
important for a nurse to be able to:
1) Recognize and set aside personal biases or experiences related to sexual- ity.
2) Perform an accurate and comprehensive physical assessment.
3) Collect an accurate and comprehensive sexual history.
4) Acquire theoretical knowledge of sexual health concerns.: 1) Recognize and set aside personal biases or
experiences related to sexuality. In many cultures, people have been socialized to avoid talking openly about sex- uality. As a nurse, you will find that you must discuss a variety of issues that are vital for a clients optimal wellness. Some of these discussions may include sexual concerns, dysfunctions, infections, or behaviors. As you reflect on the issues of human sexuality, you will be challenged to confront your own biases related to sexuality and to set those aside as you work with your clients. Although theoretical knowledge is important, you will be able to use it fully only if you can identify and set aside your own biases.
16. When providing care for a client with concerns about his sexual orienta- tion, you use the PLISSIT model.
You recognize that the first step you must take is to:
1) Provide information about sexual orientation and common alterations.
2) Plan time to discuss concerns with the client in a private, comfortable setting.
3) Permit the client to speak openly by communicating an open, accepting attitude.
4) Provide referrals to the client so he can identify resources to assist him in the future.: 3) Permit the client to
speak openly by communicating an open, accepting attitude. The PLISSIT model was developed as a guideline for sex therapy. Although basic nursing education does not prepare you to provide sex therapy, the first three PLISSIT steps have been adapted to address sexual knowledge deficits that you are qualified to treat. The first step, P, is to provide permission. Permission means that you communicate an open, accepting attitude so the client feels free to ask questions and express concerns and feelings.
17. A nurse observes some involuntary muscle jerking in a sleeping patient. The nurse determines that the
1) disorders that are provoked by sleep.
2) conditions known as parasomnias.
3) conditions that cause secondary sleep disorders.
4) disorders associated with narcolepsy.: 3) conditions that cause secondary sleep disorders.
Rationale: Secondary sleep disorders occur when a disease causes alterations in sleep stages or in quantity of sleep. Depressed people may spend more time in bed; however, in general, they have difficulty falling asleep, experience less slow-wave (deep) sleep, spend less time in REM sleep, awaken early, and have less total sleep time. An increase in thyroid secretion causes an increase in stage III and IV sleep. Hypothyroidism causes a decrease in those stages. Hyperthyroidism creates increased metabolic rate, making it difficult to fall asleep. Acute pain and chronic pain interfere with sleep. They inhibit sleep, increase arousals during sleep, and cause onger awake intervals during the night. During periods of sleep apnea, O2 level in the blood drops, and the CO2 level rises, causing the person to wake up frequently.
20. What are prevailing characteristics of narcolepsy? Select all that apply.
1) Involuntary
2) Cataplexy
3) Hallucinations
4) Temporary paralysis: 1) Involuntary
2) Cataplexy
3) Hallucinations
4) Temporary paralysis
Rationale: The person with narcolepsy experiences a sudden, uncontrollable urge to sleep lasting from seconds to minutes, even though the person sleeps well at night. The person cannot avoid the "sleep attacks" but awakens easily. Narcolepsy is characterized by involuntary episodes of sleepiness, slurred speech, slackening of the facial muscles, a feeling of impending weakness of the knees, paralysis, and hallucinations. Some have other symptoms, such as cataplexy, a sudden loss of muscle tone usually triggered by an emotional event (e.g., laughter, surprise, or anger), but most only have hypersomnia
21. Ethical principles for professional nursing practice in a clinical setting are guided by the principles of
conduct that are written as the:
A. American Nurses Association's (ANA's) Code of Ethics
B. Nurse Practice Act (NPA) written by state legislation
C. Standards of care from experts in the practice field
D. Good Samaritan laws for civil guidelines: A. American Nurses Association's (ANA's) Code of Ethics
Rationale: This set of ethical principles provides the professional guidelines estab- lished by the ANA to maintain the highest standards for ideal conduct in practice. As a profession, the ANA wanted to establish rules and then incorporate guidelines for accountability and responsibility of each nurse within the practice setting.
22. The distribution of nurses to areas of "most need" in the time of a nursing shortage is an example of:
A. Beneficence
B. Deontological theory
C. Justice
far.: B. The value of something is determined by its usefulness to society.
25. Besides the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organiza- tions (JACHO), which governing
agency regulates hospitals to allow contin- ued safe services to be provided, funding to be received from the government and penalties if guidelines are not followed?
A. American Nurses Association (ANA)
B. Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA)
C. Board of Nursing Examiners (BNE)
D. Nurse Practice Act (NPA): B. Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA)
26. The charge nurse in a progressive care unit assigns the care of a patient receiving hemodialysis to a newly
hired licensed practical nurse (LPN) without checking to see that the nurse has been determined competent to care for hemodialysis patients. The LPN is in orientation and fails to inform the charge nurse that she does not have experience with this type of patient. The actions of the charge nurse would be considered to be which of the following?
a) Malpractice
b) Incompetence
c) Negligence
d) Abandonment: c) Negligence
27. In which of the following circumstances might the nurse defer obtaining informed consent for care and
treatment of a patient?
a) The patient is confused and cannot understand or sign the consent form.
b) The patient is brought to the emergency department in cardiac arrest; no family is present.
c) The surgeon requests that the patient be sent to the surgical suite before the nurse gets the consent form
signed.
d) An unconscious patient is admitted to the nurse's unit; he is alone.: b) The patient is brought to the emergency
department in cardiac arrest; no family is present. Informed consent is the necessary authorization by the patient for any and all types of care and must be written and signed by the patient or the person legally respon- sible for the patient for hospital admission and for invasive or specialized treatments or diagnostic procedures. Written consent is not necessary in an emergency if experts agree that there was an immediate threat to life or health. It is the physician responsible for the care of the patient who has the duty to obtain informed consent from the patient.
28. You are caring for an alert, oriented 47-year-old patient who is recovering from abdominal surgery. The
patient becomes angry and upset and says, "I'm leaving this hospital. Remove my IV andsurgical drains or I will do it myself." To keep him from removing his lines and leaving the hospital, you apply bilateral wrist restraints until you can contact the physician for an order for patient restraint. This is an example of which of the following?
a) Assault and battery
b) Felony
c) False imprisonment
d) Quasi-intentional tort: c) False imprisonment
29. The unit manager stops you in the hallway to discuss your inability to give safe patient care. The
c) Malpractice is the professional form of negligence
32. The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with a brain tumor who is about to undergo surgery to have the
tumor removed. Before the surgery, the patient signs a document giving instructions to hisfamily regarding the level and extent of life-prolonging treatments he desires. Which of the choices below describe this legal directive? Select all that apply.
a) The document is a durable power of attorney for healthcare.
b) The document is a living will.
c) The family can make decisions that are consistent with the document if the patient is incompetent.
d) The family is able to decide to prolong the patient's life, even if he does not want it.
e) The family has guidance on the treatments the patient wants.: b) The docu- ment is a living will.
c) The family can make decisions that are consistent with the document if the patient is incompetent. e) The family has guidance on the treatments the patient wants.
33. What are the elements that the plaintiff must establish in a malpractice lawsuit? Select all that apply.
a) Duty
b) Breach of duty
c) Intent to harm
d) Assault
e) Causation
f) Injury: a) Duty
b) Breach of duty
e) Causation
f) Injury
34. Which is the primary goal of community health nursing?
A. To support and supplement the efforts of the medical profession in the promotion of health and
prevention of
B. To enhance the capacity of individuals, families and communities to cope with their health needs
C. To increase the productivity of the people by providing them with services that will increase their level of
health
D. To contribute to national development through promotion of family welfare, focusing particularly on mothers
and children: B. To enhance the capacity of individuals, families and communities to cope with their health needs
35. CHN (Community Health Nursing) is a community-based practice. Which best explains this statement?
A. The service is provided in the natural environment of people
B. The nurse has to conduct community diagnosis to determine nursing needs and problems
C. The service are based on the available resources within the community
D. Priority setting is based on the magnitude of the health problems identified-
: B. The nurse has to conduct community diagnosis to determine nursing needs and problems
D. Tertiary: A. Primary
The purpose of isolating a client with a communicable disease is to protect those who are not sick (specific disease prevention).
39. The nurse is working at a low-income prenatal clinic providing free ser- vices, including dietary
counseling, exercise, and parenting classes. Which type of nursing is this?
a. Community Health Nursing
b. Public Health Nursing
c. Community-Oriented Nursing
d. School Nursing
e. Occupational Health
f. Parish Nursing
g. Nursing in Correctional Facilities
h. Public Health Clinics
i. Disaster Services Nursing
j. International Nursing: a. Community Health Nursing
Community health nursing focuses on how the health of individual, families, and groups affects the community as a whole. By encouraging a healthy lifestyle for a pregnant mother, both the mom and baby will benefit.
40. The nurse is tracking the trend of increased measles outbreaks in state public universities and providing
immunization boosters to the campus health clinics. Which type of nursing is this?
a. Community Health Nursing
b. Public Health Nursing
c. Community-Oriented Nursing
d. School Nursing: b. Public Health Nursing
Public health nursing tracks and monitors communicable outbreaks in the commu- nity, providing quick action to prevent the spread of illness.
41. A new nursing graduate has an interest in a position that will provide health promotion, illness prevention,
early detection, and treatment within her rural community. Which type of nursing is this?
a. Community Health Nursing
b. Public Health Nursing
c. Community-Oriented Nursing
d. School Nursing: c. Community-Oriented Nursing
Community-oriented nursing encompasses a comprehensive look at the individual, family, group, and community to determine the best plan for improving overall health.
42. This nurse works with the government to provide millions of immuniza- tions at no charge to those within
the community. Which type of nursing is this?
A. Nursing in Correctional Facilities
B. Public Health Clinics
C. Disaster Services Nursing
