WAYS OF READING
1. Text, discourse, and ideology; discourse analysis
1. Everything is constructed.
1. Text - is combination of signs "read" (Thwaites et al.)
a. Involves an act of communication
i. Communication (two-way ; sender/receiver)
ii. Sender - assembles the text (author)
1. I want to communicate to readers what I understand
ii. Receiver - the reader who reads
iii. A reader/ viewer activates signs
1. Signs - used to communicate; symbol
a. Letters > apple (with meaning)
i. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
b. Numbers
2. Why this definition of text?
a. Roland Barthes : the move from work (assemblage of signs) to text
b. Text becomes text once it is read
c. Text cannot be divorced from context (namimisinterpret sya)
d. Text are not words (images, colors, sounds
1. Contexts:
a. Context of production (where and when the text was created)
i. Shakespeare - completely different (english writer of renaissance)
1. A playwright for the masses; wrote in English pero latin ang
common
2. Staged sa high class theaters; ccp
3. He's no longer the playwright of masses kasi recontextualized
na ang education
b. Context of consumption (where and where the text's meaning is activated)
i. Writing about english monarchy (about kings)
ii. Understanding shakespeare in philippines
1. Find it difficult to appreciate his text kasi iba ang context dito
2. Context ko ay democraticl reading other readings with same
stories but contextualized
2. There's is no such thing as fixed meaning - generated partly by features outside the
work itself
3. Meaning is constantly reformed: represented, resisted, incorporated
4. Context of production can be different from context of consumption
5. Meaning comes from you
6. If other texts reiterate idea (apple is equal to mango)
7. We can look a text from a distance and ask how the texts position us (why do i think?)
8. Ask if there is a way to interpret the text which allows us to resist problematic positions;
reiterate certain beliefs and values
9. Gender - male and female daw pero ngaun, there are more than two genders
a. What are the ideas that support this
ENG 13 A.Y. 2019-2020
INSTRUCTOR: ALEXANDRA MAY CARDOSO
