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2.2 Human Computer Interaction

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Human- Computer Interaction (HCI)

❑ Human-computer interaction (HCI) is a multidisciplinary field of study focusing on the design of computer technology and in particular, the interaction between humans (the users) and computers. ❑ Researchers in the field of HCI observe the ways in which humans interact with computers and design technologies that let humans interact with computers in novel ways. https://www.digitalinformationworld.com/2020/08/benefits-of-hci-in-your-designs.html

Goals of HCI

The goal of HCI is to optimize how users and computers interact by designing interactive computer interfaces that satisfy users’ needs. ❑ For the developers to understand the factors that determine how people use technology ❑ To design methods, techniques, and tools that allow users to access systems based on their needs ❑ To produce usable and safe systems, as well as functional systems

Types of User Interface

1. Graphical User Interface (GUI)- a form of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons and audio indicator such

1. Start button 2. Taskbar
2. System Icons
3. Folder Icons
4. Shortcut Icons
5. Windows
6. System Tray or Notification Area
7. Desktop

Types of User Interface

2. Virtual Reality- creates the "illusion of participation in a synthetic environment rather than external observation of such an environment" (Gigante, 1993 ); uses VR headsets and input devices (e.g. joysticks) https://www.analyticsinsight.net/medical-virtual-reality-vr-helps-pharmacists-discover-new-drugs/

Types of User Interface

4. Touch-based UI- a type of interaction is executed by doing a physical touch on the screen and the computer responds to this touch interaction. Example are ATM, camera, mobile phones, LCD touchscreens, etc. https://www.brsolutions.com/how-to-do-with-digital/touch-button-interface1/

Types of User Interface

5. Haptics- “touch the virtual”; type of technology that gives you a tactile response. Haptics allow non-responsive surfaces like touchscreens to emulate the feeling of using real objects like buttons and dials. Haptic technology can involve vibrations, motors, and even ultrasound beams to simulate the feeling of touch. https://virtualrealityreporter.com/nanoport-announces-new-haptics-components-gaming/

HCI Examples

1873 - QWERTY (Christopher Latham Sholes)

https://www.bbc.com/news/business- 47460499

HCI Examples

1946 - ENIAC- The Birth of a Giant Brain (John Mauchly and J.

Presper Eckert)

https://fineartamerica.com/featured/the-eniac-computer-c1946-granger.html

HCI Examples

1967 - The Gaming Joystick (Ralph Baer) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Prototype_Ge mini_Hand_Controller.jpg/800px-Prototype_Gemini_Hand_Controller.jpg https://www.aliexpress.com/item/32737751629.html

HCI Examples

1968 - The “Sword of Damocles” for Virtual Reality/ Augmented Reality (Ivan Sutherland) https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/191191946659057300/ (^) https://developer.vive.com/resources/news/8-key-takeaways-developers-virtual-reality-industry-today/

HCI Examples

3 D Printing: 1980 - Hideo Kodama (Rapid Prototyping) and 1986 - Chuck Hill (Stereolitography) https://www.sculpteo.com/blog/2017/03/01/who s-behind-the-three-main-3d-printing-technologies/ http://3dprintinginc.weebly.com/history-of-the-3d-printer.html https://3dprint.com/72171/first-3d-printer-chuck-hull/ https://giphy.com/search/prototyping

HCI Examples

1998 - Smartwatch (Steve Mann- Father of Wearable Computing) https://dailybayonet.com/fossil-sport-smartwatch-releases-new-colors-with-a-massive-price-cut/