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Indiana QMA State Test updated 2024
Antihistamines: Action/Uses - ANS Combat the effects of histamine; treat motion sickness and allergic reaction Antihistamines: side effects - ANS Drowsiness, dizziness, loss of appetite, dry mouth, urinary retention Antihistamines: medications - ANS Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Loratadine (Claritin) Phenergen (Promethazine) Dimetapp (brompheniramine) Antihistamines N.C. - ANS Use with caution with cardiac conditions, men with prostate conditions Encourage fluids May develop tolerance Increased drowsiness TB medications - ANS Rifadin (rifampin) INH (isoniazid) Laniazid Nydrazid TB meds N.C. - ANS Can turn urine, feces, sputum, sweat orange Use with caution for residents with acoholism and liver disease Monitor for signs of hepatitis and weight loss give with food Store in light resistant container TB meds: action/uses - ANS Reduce/kill growth of the bacteria that causes TB Treat active disease TB side effects - ANS Fatigue Drowsiness Numbness in extremities Nausea Vomiting Confusion Headache Rash Combination products: action/uses - ANS Preparations containing more than one product Treat cough and allergies
Combination products: medications - ANS Sinutab, actifed Combination products: side effects - ANS Drowsiness, dry mouth Combination products N.C. - ANS May elevate B/P Rebound symptoms can occur Decongestants: Action/uses - ANS Shrinks mucous membranes and relieves swelling/congestion Treat allergies, hay fever, and cold symptoms Decongestant medications - ANS Sudafed Decongestants: side effects - ANS Prolonged use can cause irritation or perforated nasal septum Decongestants N.C. - ANS Can develop tolerance to medications Bronchodilators Side Effects - ANS Restlessness, dizziness, palpitations, nausea, hypertension, withdrawal symptoms Bronchodilators Action/uses - ANS Relax bronchial muscles open breathing passages Treat asthma, bronchitis, chronic lung disease Bronchodilators N.C. - ANS Anxiety Bronchodilators medications - ANS Proventil (Albuterol) Atrovent Brethine Alimentary Aminophylline Elixophylline Antitussive: action/uses - ANS Depresses cough Treat persistent cough Antitussive medications - ANS Codeine Benylin-DM Antitussive side effects - ANS Vomiting Drowsiness Nausea Diarrhea Constipation
Antiemetics: Action - ANS Suppress nausea and vomiting antiemetics medications - ANS Antivert Compazine Phenergen Dramamine Tigan Antiemetics side effects - ANS drowsiness Antiemetics N.C. - ANS Monitor B/P for hypotension Emetics action - ANS Induce vomiting emetics meds - ANS Syrup of ipecac Emetics side effects - ANS Do not use when corrosive product is ingested Emetics N.C. - ANS Usually induces vomiting in 20-30 minutes Antidiarrheal action/uses - ANS Absorb excess fluids and bacteria Relieve diarrhea Antidiarrheal medications - ANS Pepto-Bismol Imodium (Ioperamide) Lomotil (Atropine Sulfate) Pectin Kaopectate antidiarrheal side effects - ANS Minimal constipation, nausea, dry mouth, abdominal pain Antidiarrheal N.C. - ANS Monitor for constipation Opiates Action - ANS Reduces peristalsis Treat diarrhea Opiates medications - ANS Paregoric Opiates side effects - ANS Drowsiness Opiates N.C. - ANS May be addicting GI needs that ENHANCE motility action/uses - ANS Treat spastic colon, diarrhea, GERD
GI needs that ENHANCE motility medications - ANS Atropine sulfate Lomotil Donnatal Imodium Bentyl Reglan GI needs that ENHANCE motility side effects - ANS Blurred vision Dry mouth Heart palpitations Urine retention Constipation GI needs that ENHANCE motility N.C. - ANS Monitor vitals and urinary output Cathartics (laxatives) Action/uses - ANS Stimulate peristalsis in 6-8 hours Cathartics (laxatives) medications - ANS Castor Oil Senoket (senna) Dulcolax Ex-lax, doxidan (phenolphthalein) Cathartics (laxatives) side effects - ANS Abdominal cramping Nausea Diarrhea Cathartics (laxatives) N.C. - ANS Monitor for diarrhea Saline laxatives action - ANS Usually acts within 8 hours Saline laxatives medications - ANS Milk of magnesia Saline laxatives side effects - ANS Diarrhea Cramping Saline laxatives N.C. - ANS Shake suspension well Monitor fluid intake Lubricant laxatives action - ANS Increases water retention in stool Lubricant laxatives medications - ANS Mineral oil Haley's MO Glycerin suppository Lubricant laxatives side effects - ANS Dehydration
Anti-inflammatory agents action/uses - ANS Decreases inflammation Treat arthritis, dermatitis, chronic respiratory conditions Anti-inflammatory agents medications - ANS Decadron (dexamethasone) Prednisone Medrol (methylprednisolone) Cortef (hydrocortisone) Kenalog Anti-inflammatory agents side effects - ANS Weight gain Edema Mood swings Night sweats Increased blood sugars Mask symptoms of infection Anti-inflammatory agents N.C. - ANS Observe for signs of infection Withdrawal symptoms if stopped abruptly Monitor urine Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) Action - ANS Anti-inflammatory analgesic Treats arthritis, bursitis, tendinitis, gout Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) medications - ANS Indocin Motrin, Advil, Nuprin (ibuprofen) Naprosyn, Aleve (naproxen) Voltaren (diclofenac) Relafen Sulindac Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) side effects - ANS Nausea, headaches GI Bleeding Dizziness Heartburn Decreased appetite Tinnitus Prolonged bleeding and increased bruising Fatigue Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) N.C. - ANS May be better tolerated with food Handle residents gently
Anti-gout Action/uses - ANS Reduces uric acid synthesis and promotes urine output Anti-Gout Medications - ANS Zyloprim (allopurinol) Anti-gout side effects - ANS Diarrhea Nausea Vomiting Abdominal pain Anti-gout N.C. - ANS Encourage resident to drink plenty of fluids Take with food Avoid alcohol Muscle relaxants action/uses - ANS Relieves pain and muscle stiffness Muscle relaxants medications - ANS Robaxin (methocarbamol) Flexeril (cyclobenzaprine) Soma (carisoprodol) Valium (diazepam) Lioresal (baclofen) Parafon Forte DSC Muscle relaxants side effects - ANS Drowsiness Dizziness Light headedness Muscle relaxants N.C. - ANS May develop tolerance to medication Analgesics action and use - ANS alter perception and emotional response to pain used as an antipyretic (fever reducer) Analgesics medications - ANS Tylenol Demerol (meperidine) Motrin, Advil, nuprin (ibuprofen) Percocet (oxycodone) Duramorph, MS, contin, roxanol (morphine) Aspirin ASA (empirin) Tylenol with codeine Dilaudid (hydromorphone) Ultram (tramadol) Trilisate (choline salicylate) Analgesics side effects - ANS Gastritis, ulcer Dizziness Headache Sedation
Scabicides and Pediculicides N.C. - ANS May apply to skin or hair Follow up treatment in 7-10 days Skin and sensory Anti inflammatory steroids medications - ANS Cordran Aristocort kenalog Cortaid Lanacort Westcort Skin Anti inflammatory steroids side effects - ANS Burning Itching Dry skin Anti-pruritic and local anesthetics action - ANS Relieve localized itching and pain Anti-pruritic and local anesthetics medications - ANS Solarcaine, americaine (lidocaine) Caladryl lotion (calamine) Nupercainal (dibucaine) Anti-pruritic and local anesthetics side effects - ANS Sensitization to medicine Itching Redness Edema Anti-pruritic and local anesthetics N.C. - ANS Monitor for inflammation and infection Protectants Action - ANS Cover and protect skin Protectants medications - ANS Vaseline Desitin PreSun, RV paba lipstick Protectants side effects - ANS Possible skin irritation Protectants N.C. - ANS Skin should be clean and dry Monitor for inflammation and infection Debridement medications action - ANS Enzymatic destruction of necrotic tissue Debridement medications - ANS Accuzyme Santyl Debridement medications side effects - ANS Hypersensitivity to the medication
Debridement medications N.C. - ANS CAN ONLY BE APPLIED BY LICENSED PERSON Conjunctivitis Action - ANS Treat systemic or local infections Conjunctivitis meds - ANS Bacitracin Ophthalmic Sodium Sulamyd ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan) norfloxacin (Chibroxin) tobramycin (Tobrex) Conjunctivitis meds side effects - ANS Burning Irritation Rash Conjunctivitis meds N.C. - ANS May be applied as ointments or drops Wash hands Cleanse eye Glaucoma meds Action - ANS Decrease intraocular pressure Glaucoma medications - ANS Isopto Carpine (pilocarpine) Timoptic (timolol) Betoptic (betaxolol) Betagen Trusopt Glaucoma medications side effects - ANS Burning Irritation Rash Glaucoma medications N.C. - ANS Provide adequate lighting Pain in the eye may be symptom of increasing pressure Monitor V/S Cataracts medications - ANS FML AK-pred Voltaren Cataracts medications side effects - ANS Bruning Irritation Rash Cataracts medications N.C. - ANS Can be ointment or drops Observe for irritation
Costiporin otic Auralgan Ear Medications side effects - ANS Irritation Itching Ear medications N.C. - ANS Do not rinse dropper Insert cotton in ear after drops Wax control agents action - ANS Soften and dissolve ear wax Wax control agents medications - ANS Debrox Cerumenex Wax control agents side effects - ANS Pruritis (itching) Erythema (redness) Wax control agents N.C. - ANS Do not use if ear is draining Diuretics action - ANS Increase urine production Treat edema Diuretics (Medications) - ANS Lasix (furosemide) Hydrodiuril (hydrochlorothiazide) Bumex (bumetanide) Aldactone (spironolactone) Demadex (torsemide) Diuretics Side Effects - ANS Excessive potassium loss Weakness Dry mouth Orthostatic hypotension Headache Diuretics N.C. - ANS Give early in day with plenty of fluids Monitor weight Potassium replacement meds action - ANS Replace potassium Potassium replacement meds - ANS KCL, K-Dur, Klor-Con, Micro-K Slow K K-Lyte Potassium replacement meds side effects - ANS Stomach irritation Potassium replacement meds N.C. - ANS Give with food
Do not crush or break extended release tablets Meds to affect bladder tone action - ANS Directly affect the smooth muscle of urinary tract Meds to affect bladder tone - ANS Ditropan (oxybutynin) Urecholine (ethabechol) Meds to affect bladder tone side effects - ANS Dysuria Tachycardia Dry mouth Blurred vision Frequency Incontinence Diarrhea Abdominal cramps Meds to affect bladder tone N.C. - ANS Give on empty stomach urinary analgesic Action - ANS Anesthetic Action on urinalysis tract mucosa urinary analgesic meds - ANS Pyridium urinary analgesic side effects - ANS Urine May turn red-orange urinary analgesic N.C. - ANS Adm with food or milk May stain clothes Urinary Anti-Infectives Action - ANS To prevent or treat UTI's Urinary Anti-Infectives meds - ANS Gantrisin Macrodantin Septra and Bactrim Cipro Floxin Urinary Anti-Infectives side effects - ANS Avoid sunlight Nausea Vomiting Allergic reaction Dizziness Headache Urinary Anti-Infectives N.C. - ANS May color urine rust yellow-brown Cardiotonics Action - ANS slows and strengthens the heart action
Calcium Channel Blockers meds - ANS Calan, isoptin Procardia Cardizem (diltiazem) Calcium Channel Blockers side effects - ANS Dizziness Slow pulse Hypotension Chest pain Constipation Calcium Channel Blockers N.C. - ANS Monitor B/P before administering ACE inhibitors Action - ANS Lowers b/p ACE inhibitors meds - ANS Capoten (captopril) Zestoretic (lisinopril) Vasotec (enalapril) ACE inhibitors side effects - ANS Hypotension Dry cough Nausea Vomiting ACE inhibitors N.C. - ANS Monitor residents pulse and b/p frequently Beta blockers action - ANS Decrease cardiac output Beta blockers meds - ANS Inderal (propranolol) Lopressor, toprol-XL (metoprolol) Tenormin (atenolol) Corgard (nadolol) Beta blockers side effects - ANS Fatigue Lethargy Hypotension Bradycardia Bronchospasm Heart failure Beta blockers N.C. - ANS Check apical pulse before giving Can mask shock or hypoglycemia Cardiovascular Combo Meds action - ANS When hypertension is not relieved with one medication
Cardiovascular combo meds - ANS Zestoretic Vaseretic Aldactazide Cardiovascular combo meds side effects - ANS Dizziness Weakness Nausea Vomiting Hypotension Drowsiness Cardiovascular combo meds N.C. - ANS Monitor B/P weekly Vasodilators action - ANS Dilate blood vessels Vasodilators Meds - ANS Nitroglycerin Nitro-bid (ointment) Nitrostat, nitro quick (sublingual) Nitrolingual translingual spray Nitro disc, nitro-dur, transderm-nitro (transdermal) Vasodilators side effects - ANS Hypotension Tachycardia Flushing Palpitations Vasodilators N.C. - ANS Sublingual every 5 min with no more than 3 in 15 min Anticoagulants Action - ANS Inhibit clotting of blood Anticoagulants meds - ANS ASA (aspirin) Lovenox (enoxaparin) Coumadin (warfarin) Heparin Anticoagulants side effects - ANS Hemorrhage GI Bleeding Bleeding gums Mouth ulcerations Anticoagulants N.C. - ANS Observe for signs of bleeding Protect from injury Avoid aspirin Sudden headaches should be reported immediately Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors Action - ANS Prevent blood from clotting
Meds that raise blood glucose - ANS Lithium Estrogen Caffeine Morphine Nicotine Corticosteroids Epinephrine Meds that raise blood glucose side effects - ANS Hot, dry, flush skin Fruity breath Excessive thirst Low B/P Meds that raise blood glucose N.C. - ANS Monitor for signs of hyperglycemia Meds that decrease blood glucose - ANS Ethyl alcohol Insulin Anabolic steroids Meds that decrease blood glucose side effects - ANS Cold, clammy skin Confusion Hunger Drowsiness Irritability Meds that decrease blood glucose N.C. - ANS Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia Thyroid hormones action - ANS Replacement therapy Thyroid hormones meds - ANS Synthroid, levoxyl, thyroxine (levothyroxine) Thyroid hormones side effects - ANS Nervousness Palpitations Insomnia Sweating Tremors Chest pains Thyroid hormones N.C. - ANS Report chest pains to nurse Adm 30 min before meal on empty stomach Gonadal hormones action - ANS Maintain normal menstrual cycle and secondary sex characteristics Gonadal hormones meds - ANS Estrogen (Premarin)
Estradiol (Estrace, Estraderm) Gonadal hormones side effects - ANS Depression Hair loss Thrombophlebitis Breast tenderness Leg cramps Increased B/P Gonadal hormones N.C. - ANS Monitor B/P regularly Androgens Action - ANS Maintain male secondary sex characteristics Androgens meds - ANS Testosterone (andronate, depotest) Androgens side effects - ANS Headache Depression Growth of facial hair Edema Weight gain Androgens N.C. - ANS Observe for edema Oral contraceptives action - ANS Inhibit ovulation Oral contraceptives - ANS Ortho-cept Ortho-cyclen Ortho-novum Oral contraceptives side effects - ANS Headache Weight gain Hypertension Edema Breast tenderness Vaginitis Nausea Antifungal Action - ANS Inhibit fungus growth antifungal meds - ANS Monostat Tetrazol Antifungal meds side effects - ANS Burning Itching Swelling Irritation
