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IBAM TEST 3 ACTUAL EXAM] LATEST VERSION [98 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS] WITH STUDY GUIDE DETAI, Exams of Nursing

Johns Hopkins University (JHU)Nursing

IBAM TEST 3 ACTUAL EXAM] LATEST VERSION [98 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS] WITH STUDY GUIDE DETAILED AND VERIFIED FOR GUARANTEED PASS- LATEST UPDATE 2025 GRADED A

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 07/15/2025

Prof.kuns
Prof.kuns 🇺🇸

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IBAM TEST 3 ACTUAL EXAM] LATEST VERSION [98 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS] WITH STUDY GUIDE DETAILED AND VERIFIED FOR
GUARANTEED PASS- LATEST UPDATE 2025 GRADED A
Vector - CORRECT ANSWER - a carrier.
- an arthropod that transports a disease-causing organism, or pathogen, from one host
to another
Venom - CORRECT ANSWER - toxin produced by some animals such as
scorpions, spiders, and snakes
Envenomation - CORRECT ANSWER - the poisonous effects of the bites or stings
of arthropods or snakes
Passive or Mechanical transmission - CORRECT ANSWER - the arthropod carries
the pathogen from one host to another
- the pathogen does nothing during the transfer. "It goes along for the ride"
- ex: Filth flies carry bacteria or other disease-causing organisms on their mouth parts
and feet from infected human feces ; CAUSES DYSENTARY OR OTHER DIARRHEAL
DISEASE
- ex: Cockroaches provide a similar 'transport service' by carrying disease organisms on
their legs, feet, and mouth parts; CAUSES CHOLERA
Active transmission or Biological transmission - CORRECT ANSWER - the
disease-causing agent undergoes some change in the body of the arthropod.
- the pathogen may multiply or simply develop into an infectious form.
Four types of Active Transmission - CORRECT ANSWER - Inoculation
- Regurgitation
- Fecal Contamination
- Crushing the vector
Inoculation - CORRECT ANSWER - A vector injects the pathogen into the host
with its saliva while it feeds on the host
- ex: Mosquitoes transmit MALARIA by inoculation
Regurgitation - CORRECT ANSWER - The vector vomits the pathogen into the
host while it feeds on the host
ex: Fleas transmit BUBONIC PLAGUE by vomiting then feeding on host
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd

Partial preview of the text

Download IBAM TEST 3 ACTUAL EXAM] LATEST VERSION [98 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS] WITH STUDY GUIDE DETAI and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

IBAM TEST 3 ACTUAL EXAM] LATEST VERSION [ 9 8 QUESTIONS AND

ANSWERS] WITH STUDY GUIDE DETAILED AND VERIFIED FOR

GUARANTEED PASS- LATEST UPDATE 2025 GRADED A

Vector - CORRECT ANSWER - a carrier.

  • an arthropod that transports a disease-causing organism, or pathogen, from one host to another Venom - CORRECT ANSWER - toxin produced by some animals such as scorpions, spiders, and snakes Envenomation - CORRECT ANSWER - the poisonous effects of the bites or stings of arthropods or snakes Passive or Mechanical transmission - CORRECT ANSWER - the arthropod carries the pathogen from one host to another
  • the pathogen does nothing during the transfer. "It goes along for the ride"
  • ex: Filth flies carry bacteria or other disease-causing organisms on their mouth parts and feet from infected human feces ; CAUSES DYSENTARY OR OTHER DIARRHEAL DISEASE
  • ex: Cockroaches provide a similar 'transport service' by carrying disease organisms on their legs, feet, and mouth parts; CAUSES CHOLERA Active transmission or Biological transmission - CORRECT ANSWER - the disease-causing agent undergoes some change in the body of the arthropod.
  • the pathogen may multiply or simply develop into an infectious form. Four types of Active Transmission - CORRECT ANSWER - Inoculation
  • Regurgitation
  • Fecal Contamination
  • Crushing the vector Inoculation - CORRECT ANSWER - A vector injects the pathogen into the host with its saliva while it feeds on the host
  • ex: Mosquitoes transmit MALARIA by inoculation Regurgitation - CORRECT ANSWER - The vector vomits the pathogen into the host while it feeds on the host ex: Fleas transmit BUBONIC PLAGUE by vomiting then feeding on host

Fecal Contamination - CORRECT ANSWER - the vector defecates into a wound on the host. As the wound itches, scratching and rubbing by the host causes the pathogen to enter the host's body

  • ex: Chagas' disease (parasite Trypanosoma cruzi) also known as North American Sleeping Sickness is transmitted in this way by the (Triatomite bug) kissing bug Crushing the Vector - CORRECT ANSWER - The vector is smashed onto the skin of the host. When the host wipes off the dead bug, the pathogen is rubbed into the skin ex: The bacteria that cause epidemic typhus live and multiply in the body of the body louse. The body louse transmits epidemic typhus in this manner Arthropods: Mosquitoes - CORRECT ANSWER - carry malaria
  • Anything that can hold water provides a habitat for larvae Malaria Fast Fact - CORRECT ANSWER - must always be considered in any Soldier deployed to a malaria- endemic region and in which the Soldier has developed an unexplained febrile illness. Mosquito Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER 2 prevention Categories -
  • PREVENTION OF BITES
  • Insect bar, Long-sleeved, loose fitting clothing, Chemical repellent education PREVENTION OF DISEASE DEVELOPMENT
  • Administer doxycycline Arthropods: Sand Flies, where do they attack and how do you prevent? - CORRECT ANSWER - small, bloodsucking gnats that look like small mosquitoes.
  • diseases of military importance: Sandfly fever and LEISHMANIASIS
  • attack man at the wrists, ankles or any exposed part of the body
  • PREVENTION: --> proper wearing of the uniform and application of repellents will prevent most infections --> Dogs and other domesticated animals should be avoided Fleas: Habitat? Prevention? - CORRECT ANSWER - painful biters, but are efficient vectors of plague, TYPHUS, and tularemia
  • they become infected feeding on rodents (chipmunks, rats, squirrels) then transmit the bacteria to humans when they feed (bite)
  • found around animal beds, burrows, and nests
  • outdoors, fleas are abundant during rainy summers and high humidity areas PREVENTION:
  • Locating and removing the rodents
  • Sprays, fogs, powders and traps
  • keep patient as calm and inactive as possible, slows down the absorption of the venom
  • dead snakes can still bite
  • bring snake to treatment facility Spiders: Black widow - CORRECT ANSWER - shiny black w/ red HOURGLASS mark on her abdomen
  • usually minor at first
  • symptoms occur within 10-60 minutes --> muscle spasms, headache, nausea
  • death is rare Spiders: Brown Recluse: Symptoms & treatment - CORRECT ANSWER - dark, violin or diamond-shaped area on its back
  • found in woodpiles, garages, and other dark places
  • venom causes local tissue destruction
  • pain begins 1-4 hours later
  • pustule grows and forms a crater over 3-4 days
  • SYMPTOMS: low grade fever, myalgia, nausea, and vomiting
  • TREATMENT: ice, tetanus, antibiotics, surgical treatment Scorpion - CORRECT ANSWER - about 3 inches long, 8 legs and a small pair of claws
  • stinger at the end of its long tail
  • 1 type in US can kill people: Arizona Bark Scorpion
  • ARACHNID PREVENTION:
  • repellent
  • sturdy boots
  • sleeves, pants
  • light colored clothing
  • shower after coming indoors
  • spray pets
  • make noise as you walk Environmental Injuries: 5 Factors - CORRECT ANSWER - physical condition
  • age
  • Nutrition/Hydration
  • Environmental Conditions Hypothermia: - CORRECT ANSWER - <
  • Exposure to cold reduces body heat. With time, the body is unable to maintain its proper core (internal) temperature. Those most affected by hypothermia - CORRECT ANSWER - The homeless
  • Swimmers
  • Elderly
  • Children
  • The Injured or ill 5 ways the body can lose heat - CORRECT ANSWER - Conduction
  • Convection
  • Evaporation
  • Radiation
  • Respiration Conduction - CORRECT ANSWER - the transfer of heat by direct contact down a temperature gradient, such as from a warm body to the cold environment. Convection - CORRECT ANSWER - the transfer of heat by the actual movement of heated material
  • the wind's disrupting the layer of warm air surrounding the body. Evaporation - CORRECT ANSWER - conversion of any liquid to a gas, the natural mechanism by which sweating cools the body Respiration - CORRECT ANSWER - Evaporation of the water contained in exhaled, water- saturated air occurs over a wide range of ambient temperatures and may be prevented by inhalation of warmed, humidified air. Radiation - CORRECT ANSWER - Heat also may be lost by radiation or heat waves to the environment, primarily from non-insulated body areas.
  • For example when a person stands in a cold room. Cardiac Dysrhythmia/ Cardiac Arrhythmia - CORRECT ANSWER is any abnormality in the rate, regularity, or sequence of cardiac activation. Physiology of hypothermia - CORRECT ANSWER 1. body constricts blood vessels in skin--> blue lips/fingertips
  1. body shivers
  2. body functions begin to slow down
  3. key organs such as heart begin to slow down
  4. Potential Death Mild and Severe Hypothermia - CORRECT ANSWER - MILD 90-95 F --->Patient is usually alert and shivering
  • Pulse rate and respirations are usually rapid
  • Skin may appear red, pale, or cyanotic
  • SEVERE: less than 90 F

Heat Exhaustion & Symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER ****Most common serious illness caused by heat

  • The body sweats heavily
  • Body loses a significant amount of water and many electrolytes
  • Hypovolemia (fluid depletion) occurs SYMPTOMS:
  • Cold, clammy skin with ashen pallor (lacking a healthy skin color)
  • pulse is often rapid and diastolic blood pressure may below
  • dry tongue
  • sweating heavily
  • be prepared to take to hospital if symptoms do not clear up Heatstroke? Symptoms & Treatment? - CORRECT ANSWER ***Least common heat illness, but also the most serious ** 106 F or more
  • Normal mechanisms are overwhelmed body temperature rises rapidly to the level at which tissues are destroyed
  • Untreated heatstroke always results in death SYMPTOMS:
  • hot dry flushed skin
  • change in behavior
  • pulse is rapid but becomes weaker and blood pressure falls TREATMENT:
  • remove clothing
  • cold packs to neck, groin, armpits
  • wet towels
  • fan patient
  • transport to hospital Wounds - CORRECT ANSWER - described as a physical injury causing a break in the skin or mucous membrane.
  • may be unintentional or intentional. Principles of Wound Healing & Types - CORRECT ANSWER - Wound healing is the organized and orderly process by which wounds close and tissue regains continuity. -->The human body will attempt to return to homeostasis after experiencing a wound. -->The process of wound healing occurs over time. -->The more severe the wound the longer the wound healing.
  • Wound
  • Inflammation
  • Edema
  • Infection
  • Scar
  • Open wound
  • Closed wound Inflammation - CORRECT ANSWER - A localized, proactive response elicited by injury or destruction of tissue 3 Wound Healing Phases - CORRECT ANSWER - Inflammatory Phase
  • Fibroblastic/Proliferation
  • Maturation/Remodeling Inflammatory Phase of healing process - CORRECT ANSWER - Approximate time frame: From onset of wound to day 3- 5
  • Hemostasis occurs with stopping the flow of blood via vasoconstriction, abnormal obstruction (plaque), coagulation (clotting) or surgical intervention.
  • Clotting forms by reducing blood flow to the injured blood vessel and platelets passing through the injured vessel begin to stick to the collagen fibers. - Collagen fibers form thread to create a mesh-like framework--> fibrin net
  • Red blood cells, platelets become trapped and dry to form scabs.
  • White blood cells engulf and destroy bacterial and microscopic foreign objects during inflammatory phase. Fibroblastic/Proliferative phase of healing process - CORRECT ANSWER - Approximate time frame: 5 days - 3 weeks.
  • Epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells produce growth factors.
  • Collagen is produced--> increase strength of the wound to hold it closed.
  • Granulation tissue forms to allow epithelial cells to move across new tissue to form a barrier between the wound and environment. Maturation/Remodeling Phase *****w - CORRECT ANSWER - Approximate time frame: 3 weeks to 2 years
  • Collagen production and degradation equalize, via collagen synthesis and collagen lysis. (When new collagen is produce, old collagen is destroyed).
  • Tensile strength of the wound is increased via scar formation.
  • Scars lose their read appearance as blood vessels no longer needed for wound healing are destroyed within the new tissue.
  • Scar tissue has 80% strength compared to unwounded skin. Delayed Healing **** work - CORRECT ANSWER - Factors causing delayed healing: smoking, poor nutrition, alcoholism, diabetes, renal and liver disease, vascular sufficiency, immunosuppressive agents, excessive steroid use, and connective tissue diseases.

A typical adult casualty can hemorrhage up to ______ liters of blood and IV fluid into the abdomen even though he/she only has about _____ liters of blood circulating - CORRECT ANSWER - 10 liters of blood

  • 6 liters of blood circulating A typical adult casualty can bleed up to _____ liter into one thigh - CORRECT ANSWER - 1 liter Methods to Control Bleeding - CORRECT ANSWER - Direct Pressure
  • Hemostatic
  • Elevation
  • Tourniquet
  • Pressure Dressing Direct Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - Most common method to stop bleeding
  • Hold pressure for at least 3 minutes no more than 5 Pressure Dressing - CORRECT ANSWER - Elastic bandages wrap tightly around a body part to put external pressure on the wounds Hemostatic Agent - CORRECT ANSWER - these dressings have chemical properties that stimulate clotting when placed in wounds Hemostatic Agent: QuikClot Combat Gauze - CORRECT ANSWER - hemostatic agent that is recommended and approved by the Army for combat zones
  • Pack directly in the wound on the bleeding vessel
    • Apply direct pressure for minimum 3 min
    • Bandage wound; secure the dressing in place with tape
    • Record treatment
  • Peel
  • Push
  • Pile
  • Pressure Tourniquet - CORRECT ANSWER - Use to control major hemorrhage by compressing the tissue around the vessel, which then compresses the vessel
  • a real one (black) is a "one time use" device. A Trainer one(blue) is used multiple times
  • Deliberate: 2-3 inches
  • Hasty: High and tight
  • once its on CHECK FOR PULSE
  • THEN WRITE THE TIME

Internal Bleeding - CORRECT ANSWER - can result in severe blood loss with resultant shock (hypoperfusion) and subsequent death

  • SIGNS:
  • Abdominal pain and or swelling (liver or spleen trauma)
  • Light-headedness, dizziness, or fainting (blood pressure drops because of blood loss)
  • Swelling, tightness, and pain in the leg (fracture of the thighbone)
  • Large area of deeply purple color skin (bleeding into soft tissues or skin)
  • Loss of consciousness and headache (bleeding in the brain) Hypovolemic Shock: Two Types - CORRECT ANSWER - Non-Hemorrhagic
  • Hemorrhagic Non-Hemorrhagic causes of Hypovolemic Shock - CORRECT ANSWER - Burns (greater than 20% body surface area)
    • Dehydration (loss of plasma) due to sweating and not consuming adequate fluids (possible heat stroke)
  • Dehydration secondary to vomiting and diarrhea (food poisoning and dysentery) SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
    • Altered Mental Status (AMS)
    • Tachycardia (fast heart rate)
    • Skin that ranges from pale and cool to red and dry
  • Rapid breathing Hemorrhagic causes of Hypovolemia - CORRECT ANSWER - Hemorrhagic Shock (Volume Loss)
  • Blood (hemorrhage) internally or externally loss is the most common cause of shock in trauma casualties
    • Systolic pressure in adults is generally assumed to be at least 80mmHg in the radial artery, 70mmHg in the femoral artery and 60mmHg in the carotid artery Shivering temp - CORRECT ANSWER - 99 to 96 Intense shivering, Difficulty speaking - CORRECT ANSWER - 95 - 91 F Fireman's Carry - CORRECT ANSWER - long distance
  • one rescuer, carry is used if rescuer believes this is safer than the regular method due to the casualty's wounds Shivering stops, replaced by muscular rigidity - CORRECT ANSWER - 90 to 86 F Patient becomes irrational, loses contact with environment. Pulse starts to slow--> cardiac dysrhythmias develop. - CORRECT ANSWER - 85 to 81 F

C-17 Globemaster - CORRECT ANSWER - standard configuration of 36 Litter and 54 ambulatory. Saddleback Carry - CORRECT ANSWER - only for conscious people Two Handed Seated carry - CORRECT ANSWER - both conscious and unconscious

  • two guys holding up a seated guy in there arms