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HUM 102W MIDTERM EXAM Question
and answers already passed 2025
Hesiod - correct answer -Author, wrote Works and Days(a farmer's almanac) and Theogony (a genealogy of the gods) -earliest greek poet Theogony - correct answer -birth of the gods -first greek mythical cosmogony Gaia - correct answer goddess of the earth and mother of Cronus and the Titans in ancient mythology Uranus - correct answer Father Sky Kronos - correct answer Greek god who separated Ouranos (Sky) from Gaia (Earth) -6 children: Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon and Zeus -Married to Rhea Work and days - correct answer -Text that described the farm life of peasants -Introduction dedicated to Perses, Hesiod's brother Who are the 12 Olympians? - correct answer Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Hera, Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Hermes, Ares, Hephaestus, Aphrodite, Dionysus Zeus - correct answer God of the sky
HH Hymn: "all seeing", "the lord of all" Poseidon - correct answer God of the sea Saviour of ships but also destroys them; "Euphemism" Hades - correct answer God of the underworld -"Invisible" -Partner is Persephone -Chthonic: since he dwells under the earth Hera - correct answer Queen of gods and wife of Zeus -Name means ripe or female version of hero -Zeus' sister Athena - correct answer -Goddess of wisdom and war -Began second gen of olympians -Birth from Zeus' head after Zeus first impregnated and then swallowed her mother, Metis -Associated with divine authority and protection like zeus Apollo - correct answer God of the sun -"Bright" -Associated with music Artemis - correct answer Goddess of the hunt and moon; twin of Apollo -Goddess of girls on the threshold of womanhood;
a way to become immune to her charms (Athena and Artemis are also immune). Zeus makes Aprodite fall in love with a human that will eventually die and break her heart. Significance: establishing Zeus' rein. She pretends to be a young woman of marital age and attracts Anchises, they have sex and he tells people so Zeus punishes him by castration of his foot. Homeric Hymn to Apollo - correct answer Birth of Apollo, Leto and Zeus get together and give birth but Hera is preventing it from happening. She eventually gives birth to Apollo and Artemis on the Island of Delos but the Greeks feared succession crisis. Homeric hymn to ascelpieus - correct answer Son of Apollo and healer of sicknesses Homeric Hymn to Hermes - correct answer Hermes invents the lyre. Hermes steals Apollo's Cattle. This story depicts Hermes acting playfully, conversing with the tortoise even as he plans to kill it. But then it is the "longing for meat" that compels him to resume his hunt for Apollo's cattle (64). Mya and Zeus are his parents Invents fire, and the fire stick Apollo confronts him, they argure infront of Zeus Zeus makes Hermes lead Apollo to the cattle Hermes returns to original cradle. Homeric Hymn to Pan - correct answer The hymn opens with imagery of a pastor and mountaintops depicting the area in which Pan rules as the pastoral God. After further description of Pan himself it goes into the background story of how Pan was born.There are multiple ways in which the god Pan was born. One idea is that he is the son of Hermes and a mortal women who then abandoned her baby that looked like a goat (saytr) and already had a full
beard. It was at this time that Hermes took Pan to Olympus where he was accepted by all and given the name Pan meaning all. Homeric Hymn to Dionysus - correct answer Sailors deny him as a god, he turns them into dolphins Hesiod theogony 521-616 - correct answer -First myth of Prometheus -Prometheus played a trick against Zeus. He placed two sacrificial offerings before the Olympian: a selection of beef hidden inside an ox's stomach (nourishment hidden inside a displeasing exterior), and the bull's bones wrapped completely in "glistening fat" (something inedible hidden inside a pleasing exterior). Zeus chose the latter, setting a precedent for future sacrifices (556-557). Henceforth, humans would keep that meat for themselves and burn the bones wrapped in fat as an offering to the gods. This angered Zeus, who hid fire from humans in retribution. In this version of the myth, the use of fire was already known to humans, but withdrawn by Zeus. [15] Prometheus, however, stole fire back in a giant fennel-stalk and restored it to humanity (565-566). This further enraged Zeus, who sent the first woman to live with humanity (Pandora, not explicitly mentioned). The woman, a "shy maiden", was fashioned by Hephaestus out of clay and Athena helped to adorn her properly (571-574). Hesiod writes, "From her is the race of women and female kind: of her is the deadly race and tribe of women who live amongst mortal men to their great trouble, no helpmeets in hateful poverty, but only in wealth" (590-594) Hesiod Works and Days 42-201 - correct answer Hesiod revisits the story of Prometheus and the theft of fire in Works and Days (42-105). In it the poet expands upon Zeus's reaction to Prometheus's deception. Not only does Zeus withhold fire from humanity, but "the means of life" as well (42). Had Prometheus not provoked Zeus's wrath, "you would easily do work enough in a day to supply you for a full year even without working; soon would you put away your rudder over the smoke, and the fields worked by ox and sturdy mule would run to waste" (44-47).
Greek Tragedy - correct answer A tragedy is a drama which, according to Aristotle, depicts the downfall of a basically good person through some fatal error or misjudgment, producing suffering and insight on the part of the protagonist and arousing pity and fear on the part of the audience nota bene - correct answer note well; take notice Theban plays - correct answer Oedipus the King, Oedipus at Colonus, Antigone How is Oedipus prevented from his anagnorisis until he achieves it? (You might look for points in the plot where he is led closer to (green light) or stopped from (red light) learning the truth. - correct answer Oedipus insists on avoiding the fate, so he tries to be noble by running from the prophecy (fate). Oedipus tries to save Thebes by finding Laius' murderer, and refuses to give up (pride). A plague is placed on Thebes, which initiates Oedipus on his quest for the truth (the will of the gods). What comment does the play (Oedipus the King) make about the role of the gods and prophecy? - correct answer Fundamentally, by utilizing fate, prophecies, the oracle of Apollo, and the plague, the gods played a significant role in the destruction of Oedipus and his family. By controlling fate, the gods carry all the responsibility of Oedipus in killing his father and marrying his mother. Oedipus the King: Pick any one of the choral songs and think about how it relates to the plot of the play at that point. - correct answer In the second choral ode, they build up tension and suspense that surrounds the chase of the killer and an atmosphere of fear enhancing dramatic tension. They re- state their loyalty to their king "Never will I convict my king, never in my heart"
Is Oedipus' fate the result of Apollo, the Sphinx, or just his own mistakes? - correct answer In Oedipus the King by Sophocles, Oedipus is responsible for the tragedy of his downfall. Oedipus is presented with a series of choices throughout the play, and his arrogant and stubborn nature push him to impulsively make the wrong decisions, the decisions that ultimately lead him to his downfall. Sophocles' use of blindness in the play gives the reader/audience more insight into Oedipus' flaws, and Oedipus' flaws are what cause him to fulfill the prophecy. The emasculation of Ouranos - correct answer the story of how Cronos overcame his father Ouranos (Sky).....Hesiod breaks off from telling the story of the gods to explain Ouranos, The usual reading of this passage is that the hole is Earth's womb and that Ouranos prevents the birth by "plugging" her by continuous sexual copulation. That certainly makes sense of Earth groaning (159-60) and of the issue being settled by Ouranos' castration, testicles and all. But it's curious that Hesiod does not make the sexual imagery more explicit. In fact the copulation is not continuous, since Ouranos approaches Earth in anticipation of sexual pleasure (176-77). First generation olympians - correct answer Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon, Zeus The three males correspond to the realms of underworld, earth, and sky, all described in terms of their relationship to Earth What does Kronos do to his children? - correct answer He eats them Homeric Hymns - correct answer The Homeric Hymns are a collection of anonymous poems written in epic verse, the earliest being contemporary with Homer and Hesiod and the latest being written as much as two and a half centuries later
Pandora's Box - correct answer Something that opens the door for bad occurrences, opened by someone known for curiosity; named for Pandora who was the first mortal, sent by Zeus, to punish man for Prometheus' theft of fire. For her curiosity in opening the box, Zeus gave her all human ills in the world, leaving only hope at the bottom. Hercules - correct answer Theban son of Zeus divos - correct answer divine Zeus symbols are - correct answer bird=eagle, animal=bull, tree=oak autochthonous - correct answer autochthonous heritage (from earth "-chthon" and itself "auto-") Protagoras - correct answer said "man is the measure of all things", Plato Poetics - correct answer Aristotle Telos - correct answer end strophes - correct answer Main sections of music often consisting of a verse and chorus. Antistrophe - correct answer counter turns
peritepeia - correct answer change of actions to their opposite, in accordance with probability and necessity Anagnorsisis - correct answer change from ignorance to knowledge...among people's regard to fortune or misfortune Mythos - correct answer plot authochthony - correct answer notion of people being born from earth itself Parthenos - correct answer virgin Genesis - correct answer beginning; origin succession myth - correct answer A story in which the power over the universe is passed down from one god to another, until we find ourselves in the present time. Results in the reign of Zeus from Ouranos Kataibates - correct answer Zeus as lightning-god (Zeus "Who-Comes-Down") Xenia - correct answer hospitality Asphaleios - correct answer Poseidon's Potnia Theron - correct answer mistress of animals, artemis
