Download HIEU 201 ASSESSMENT TEST WITH THE BEST AND CORRECT MARKING SCHEME 2024 and more Exams Religion in PDF only on Docsity!
HIEU 201 ASSESSMENT TEST
WITH THE BEST AND
CORRECT MARKING SCHEME
Medieval Religion - Correct Answers Christianity: dominated every factor, synchronism- superstition existing alongside Medieval view of the universe - Correct Answers Platonist: two realms= heaven and earth Aristotle & Ptolemy: geocentric= earth is the center of the universe Great chain of being: heirchachle order to God Medieval universe: Platonist - Correct Answers two realms= heaven and earth Medieval universe: Aristotle & Ptolemy - Correct Answers geocentric= earth is the center of the universe Medieval universe: Great chain of being - Correct Answers heirchachle order to God= God, angels, man, animals, etc.
Medieval view of the individual - Correct Answers 1. Created in God's image: emphasized access to God was broken with Adam and Eve, "helplessness" "sinful state"
- Place in the great chain: thought God's message would go through hierarchy
- Way of salvation: access God's grace through church
- Ration thought guided by revelation Black Death - Correct Answers Originated from fleas on black rats. Started in Gobi desert, Mongolia. Moved to Russia. Then Sicily by ships. Spread by human contact. Mostly found in populated areas. Thought it was divine punishment for human sins. Massacres of Jews (not by Papacy). Caused production to plummet, letting people rise up and demand higher wages. Renaissance Art - Correct Answers Art as an expression, not craft. This type of art flourished from economic growth, social and intellectual developments, and the revival of interest of ancient Greek and roman culture. Imitate nature and classical/sculpture. Combines classical and medieval art. Freedom of expression and highly experimental. Da vinci-mary Botticelli- magi Ghirlandiao- birth of st. John Masaccio- trinity Machiavelli - Correct Answers First major modern political thinker "The Prince" Humanist (yes and no) Believed in a republic (admired ancient roman republic) His name became known as atheist and evil politician
Training of priests Every bishop required to found a school Training or priests Every bishop required to found a school Duty to preach gospel Required bishop to live where he ministered The rise and fall of Hapsburg Spain - Correct Answers exemplified interconnectedness of king, army, church, and taxation Spain became intercontinental (new world), started to look like we know as Spain Ferdinand married Isabella and unified Spain Fell due to an economic crash Reformation in France - Correct Answers relative independence of church due to Calvin Regions wars- finally settled when Henry of Bourbon becomes Henry the Great by making Edict of Nantes: which made the rulers of each town had power to choose which religion they would uphold Weak monarchy- people were separated in religion, so power overturned and changed things Nobles were attracted to Calvin and lithers ideas St. Bartholomew day massacre, wanted to bring in calving followers for an event. But it was a set up to show France not to follow them, started killing. Reformation in England - Correct Answers Henry 8, not a protestant and did not start reformation Reign of Elizabeth- England became protestant Consulate by practical politics
Transition to the Modern State - Correct Answers national states- taxes and war, had power from its nobility and material resources of territory Centralized governments emerged- absolutism Republican states also emerged Uniqueness of Italy - Why the Renaissance began in Italy?
- Correct Answers Who: wealthy merchants and elite What: the Renaissance, a time of reverting to a rebirth of Roman roots of luxury and indulgence of world goods and pleasures When: Around 1350- Where: Northern Italy, city-states Why: because of their advancement in social, political, and economic structure So what: this period characterized a change in the Italians worldview, opening and implementing new ideas of humanism and secular politics Humanism in the Italian Renaissance - Correct Answers what: an admiration for all things classical and ancient, especially literature When: Renaissance Where: Italy Key figures: Petrarch- father of human, first to regenerate importance of literature Pico Della Miranda- "Oration on the dignity of man" Lorenzo Valla- textual criticism, looks at the language to discover it was not authentic Impact: Focusing on the positive qualities of man- medieval focused on man's sin, renaissance focused on man being created in God's image.
depth and collaborate for better accuracy and understand, making the NT in its original language available to all, 1516 (Luther could use this which ignites his work, a def. connection) Luther's Teachings - Correct Answers Salvation by faith alone (cannot work for it or buy it) Scripture should be the basis (held more power than the authority of the church) No purgatory Pope's don't have the power to forgive Queen Elizabeth - Correct Answers Mother of England Used gender to advantage "Married to England" "Virgin queen" England becomes fully protestant Golden age Accomplishments: Being confident and not questioning her rule Religious settlement Moderation and experiences: "act of supremacy" done through a council to put Queen at head of church "Act of uniformity" revised to be more moderate, a little catholic and a little protestant "Thirty nine articles" a doctrinal statement, dropping the most anti-Catholic
- Spanish threat Led king on
- Political skill Master politician Sneaky Won the hearts of her people
- Government Privy Council: reduced size, trusted and loyal, gave them power, consulted them in everything Parliament: only used when she had to, legitimized reformation Patronage: knew how to grant favors for her political gain, gave out many titles
- Marriage Very sought after No heir but named a successor
- Public image Master of PR- portraits Maintained personal contact with her people by "tours" Died 1603 Catholic/ Counter Reformation - Correct Answers Catholic: broader changes that took place were independent or parallel to the protestant reform Counter: reaction/response to the protestant reformation BOTH! Reform efforts before Luther, then slowed down before picking up after the protestant reform.
- Pre-Luther reform: Archbishop of Toledo, Francisco, had a goal to reform clergy. To preach the Gospel, instruct children, believing the key was in education so he created a university promoting humanist learning. Complutensian Polyglot Bible: parallel bible w/ Heber, Greek, and Latin Christian humanist: Erasmus, a French NT published. Reforming popes before and after Luther Impact: Personal spirituality
- New ideas: questioning of authority Transformation:
- Price revolution
- Agriculture- from indecent to commercialized
- Industry
- Commerce- business life, banking and finance Growth of capitalism
