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GCSE Biology Edexcel Complete Assignment Questions And Answers
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a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity - correct answer Define health A disease that can be passed from one person to another - correct answer Define communicable disease A disease which cannot be passed from one person to another - correct answer Define non-communicable disease The common cold - correct answer Give an example of a communicable disease Asthma, cancer and coronary heart disease - correct answer Give examples of non-communicable diseases The presence of one disease, as your immune system is impaired so other pathogens are more able to cause disease, barriers may also be damaged - correct answer What can lead to increased susceptibility to diseases and why? Having HIV can leave you at risk to many other opportunistic infections - correct answer What is an example of a disease which can lead to increased susceptibility? A disease causing organism - correct answer Define pathogen Direct contact, water or air - correct answer What are the three ways which pathogens can infect plants/animals? Very small, smaller than cells and bacteria - correct answer How big are viruses?
Small, but bigger than viruses - correct answer How big are bacteria? Binary fission - correct answer What is the process of bacteria dividing quickly called? Toxins - correct answer What do bacteria produce? Either single celled or have a body of hyphae (thread-like structures) - correct answer How big are fungi? Some are parasitic - correct answer What is the nature of protists? Cholera - correct answer What disease is caused by vibrio cholerae? Tuberculosis - correct answer What disease is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis? Chalara ash dieback - correct answer What disease is caused by hympenoscyphus fraxineus? Malaria - correct answer What disease is caused by plasmodium falciparum? HIV - correct answer What disease is caused by human immunodeficiency virus? Helicobacter - correct answer What disease is caused by helicobacter pylori? Ebola - correct answer What disease is caused by B. ebolavirus?
Can lead to stomach ulcers - correct answer What are the effects of Helicobacter? Hemorrhagic fever, fever with sever bleeding - correct answer What are the symptoms of Ebola? Water - correct answer How is cholera spread? airborne - correct answer How is tuberculosis spread? Air through wind - correct answer How is chalara ash dieback spread? Animal vector - mosquito - correct answer How is malaria spread? Bodily fluids - correct answer How is HIV spread? Oral transmission - correct answer How is helicobacter spread? Bodily fluids - correct answer How is Ebola spread? Improving hygiene, reducing contact, removing vectors, vaccination - correct answer What four steps can be taken to limit the spread of pathogens?
Used to kill bacteria in food reaching the stomach - correct answer What is the function of hydrochloric acid? Phagocytosis, producing antibodies, producing antitoxins - correct answer What are the three types of immune response? It engulfs pathogens, destroying them - correct answer How does phagocytosis protect the body? Antibodies begin to bind to the antigen on the pathogen > This makes it easier for white blood cells to find them and engulf them (phagocytosis) > This process produces memory lymphocytes - correct answer How does producing antibodies protect the body? If you become infected again with the same pathogen, the specific complementary antibodies will be produced at a faster rate. The individual will not feel symptoms. - correct answer How do the memory lymphocytes help the immune system fight pathogens? They neutralise toxins released by the pathogen by binding to them - correct answer How does producing antitoxins protect the body? When a majority of a population are vaccinated against a disease. This means that even people who have not been vaccinated are less likely to get it because there are fewer people to catch it from. - correct answer What is herd immunity? A small amount of dead or weakened microbe is injected - white blood cells are stimulated to produce antibodies complementary to the antigens on the pathogen - correct answer How does vaccination work?
Between ventricles and major arteries - correct answer Where are the semilunar valves located? They are pumping blood out of the heart so they need to generate higher pressure - correct answer Why do the ventricles have thicker walls than the atria? The left, as it pumps blood around the body - not just to the lungs - correct answer Which ventricle has a thicker wall and why?