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Fundamentals of Blood Transfusion and Intravenous (IV) Therapy., Exams of Nursing

Queen Mary, University of London (QMUL)Nursing

Fundamentals of Blood Transfusion and Intravenous (IV) Therapy. Fundamentals of Blood Transfusion and Intravenous (IV) Therapy.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 07/15/2025

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Fundamentals of Blood Transfusion and
Intravenous (IV) Therapy.
Blood Transfusion
1. What is the universal donor blood type?
oA
oB
o[✓] O negative
oAB positive
2. Which blood product is primarily used to treat severe anemia?
oPlatelets
o[✓] Packed red blood cells
oFresh frozen plasma
oCryoprecipitate
3. Which transfusion reaction is characterized by fever and chills?
o[✓] Febrile Non-Hemolytic
oAllergic
oAnaphylactic
oBacterial contamination
4. Before blood transfusion, what must be checked on the patient’s ID band?
o[✓] Name and hospital number
oBlood group
oAge
oWeight
5. What is the maximum hang time for a unit of blood?
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Fundamentals of Blood Transfusion and

Intravenous (IV) Therapy.

Blood Transfusion

  1. What is the universal donor blood type? o A o B o [✓] O negative o AB positive
  2. Which blood product is primarily used to treat severe anemia? o Platelets o [✓] Packed red blood cells o Fresh frozen plasma o Cryoprecipitate
  3. Which transfusion reaction is characterized by fever and chills? o [✓] Febrile Non-Hemolytic o Allergic o Anaphylactic o Bacterial contamination
  4. Before blood transfusion, what must be checked on the patient’s ID band? o [✓] Name and hospital number o Blood group o Age o Weight
  5. What is the maximum hang time for a unit of blood?

o 8 hours o 6 hours o [✓] 4 hours o 12 hours

  1. Which is the best vein site for blood transfusion in adults? o Scalp o Foot o [✓] Forearm o Neck
  2. Which solution is compatible with blood transfusions? o Dextrose 5% o [✓] Normal saline (0.9%) o Lactated Ringer’s o Potassium chloride
  3. What should you do if a patient develops a rash and fever during transfusion? o [✓] Stop the transfusion o Continue transfusion o Slow down the rate o Increase the rate
  4. What is crossmatching? o [✓] Testing compatibility between donor and recipient blood o Giving small blood sample first o Matching blood group labels o Filtration of blood

o From family

  1. The main purpose of a blood filter: o [✓] Remove clots/debris o Prevent hypothermia o Administer medication o Reduce volume
  2. A patient is short of breath and cyanotic during transfusion. What first? o [✓] Stop transfusion o Give oxygen only o Call lab to check blood o Continue but slow down
  3. Minimum gauge cannula recommended for adult transfusion: o 24G o 22G o [✓] 18G o 25G
  4. What is the first step before blood administration? o [✓] Verify patient identity o Explain the procedure o Wash hands o Collect blood from fridge
  5. What type of blood is used for emergency transfusion when time is insufficient? o [✓] O negative o AB positive

o B negative o A positive

  1. Which of these is NOT a complication of blood transfusion? o Infections o [✓] Hypertension cure o Allergic reaction o Hemolytic reaction IV Therapy
  2. Purpose of IV therapy includes all except: o [✓] Preventing sleep o Maintaining fluid balance o Delivering medications o Providing nutrition
  3. What is the most common IV solution? o D5NS o [✓] Normal saline (0.9%) o D10W o 3% saline
  4. What is phlebitis? o Dehydration o [✓] Inflammation of a vein o Infection of blood o Blocked IV
  5. Which is a sign of infiltration?
  1. What is the maximum time IV tubing should be used? o [✓] 72-96 hours o 120 hours o 24 hours o 12 hours
  2. What is the major risk of rapid IV potassium infusion? o Low blood sugar o [✓] Cardiac arrest o High temperature o Seizures
  3. For IV piggyback, medication is: o [✓] Connected to maintenance line with Y-port o Given orally o Mixed in main bag o IM injection
  4. The safest method to regulate IV fluids: o Estimate by eye o Open fully o [✓] Use infusion pump o Elevate bag very high
  5. What should be done if air is seen in IV tubing? o [✓] Remove air before connecting to patient o Ignore if small o Shake the line

o Change IV bag

  1. Which IV fluid is hypertonic? o 0.9% saline o D5W o [✓] 3% saline o Ringer's lactate
  2. Sign of fluid overload: o Sunken eyes o Hypotension o [✓] Edema and difficulty breathing o Fever
  3. Which is NOT a complication of IV therapy: o Air embolism o Phlebitis o Infiltration o [✓] Improved immunity
  4. What does IV bolus mean? o [✓] Rapid administration of medication o Drip slowly o Oral medication o Topical application
  5. What is the antidote for IV extravasation of certain drugs? o Naloxone o Vitamin K

o Nurse’s initials only o [✓] Type, site, gauge, time, response o Doctor’s name only

  1. Purpose of flushing IV line: o Remove air o Increase speed o [✓] Maintain patency and prevent blockage o Warm the line
  2. Best practice for preparing IV medications: o Prepare all for the ward at once o Prepare at patient bedside o [✓] Prepare immediately before administering o Mix in advanced batch
  3. A patient has pain and burning during IV infusion, what do you suspect? o [✓] Phlebitis or infiltration o Success o Medication effect o Normal sensation
  4. When inserting an IV, you should: o Re-use needles o [✓] Use aseptic technique o Ignore gloves o Not check site
  5. If blood backs up in IV tubing during transfusion:

o [✓] It is normal at slow rates o Emergency o Requires line change o Stop transfusion

  1. What is the most immediate complication of IV therapy? o Sepsis o [✓] Infiltration or air embolism o Hemolytic reaction o Hypertension
  2. How often should IV sites be assessed for complications? o Every 12 hours o Once a day o [✓] At least every shift or according to policy o Only when patient complains