[CYTOGENETICS]
PROKARYOTES (Bacteria)
EUKARYOTES (Fungi)
DNA TRANSCRIPTION
Transcription (RNA Polymerase
Holoenzyme)
● Core Enzyme
● Sigma Factor
● RMT RNAs
● Transfusion Regulation Factor
Stage 1: Initiation (Promoter Region)
● -35
● -10
● +1
● TATA Box
● CAAT Box
● GC Box
Stage 2: Elongation
● RNA Polymerase (like Dna Replication DNA Polymerase PRPC, SSBP,
Helicase)
○ opens DNA
○ prevents reannealing
○ straighten
○ proofreads
Stage 3: Termination
● Rho-Dependent
○ protein dependent
● Rho-Independent
○ self-complimentary hairpin
look (inverse tandem
repeats)
● Poly-Adenylation Signal
○ inverted tandem repeats
○ genes at 3’ end end w
TTA-TTT
■ RNA: AAU-AAA
● signal to
start
transcription
Post Transcriptional Modification
● None
● Stages:
○ Capping
■ at 5’ end
○ Poly-adenylation
■ at 3’ end
■ 5’-AAUAAA-3’
