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ATI PHARMACOLOGY LPN PROCTORED EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM NEWEST 2024
ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
“What is/are the action(s) of the drug metformin? a. Decreases Hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption b. Increases sensitivity to insulin c. Short term sedation
d. Both A and - CORRECT ANSWER d. Both A and B
a. Decreases Hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption b. Increases sensitivity to insulin" "What do you assess for in a patient who is on Valproate? Select all that apply. A. Suicidal thoughts B. Monitor for seizures. C. Bipolar disorder. D. Migraines.
E. Anorexia - - CORRECT ANSWER A. Suicidal thoughts
B. Monitor for seizures. C. Bipolar disorder. E. Migraine" "What is true about food and drug precautions? Select all that apply. A. You must limit certain types of food or concurrent administration of certain types of drugs. B. Certain combinations of food and drugs can cause adverse reactions. C. Precautions may require limiting certain types of food or concurring drugs rather than restricting the drug itself. C. When one drug changes the way, another drug affects that drug. - A. You must limit certain types of food or concurrent
administration of certain types of drugs. - CORRECT ANSWER B. Certain combinations of
food and drugs can cause adverse reactions. C. Precautions may require limiting certain types of food or concurring drugs rather than restricting the drug itself." "ACE Inhibitors are used in the treatment of all EXCEPT: a. Hypertension b. Heart Failure c. Hypotension
d. Diabetic nephropathy - - CORRECT ANSWER c. Hypotension"
"Which of the following is used to treat migraine headaches? a. Beta-blockers
b. Cholinesterase Inhibitors c. ACE inhibitors
d. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) - - CORRECT ANSWER a. Beta-blockers"
"What patient could potentially take the drug Senna? A. A patient with an eating disorder B. A patient who has not passed stool in 5 days B. A patient with anal fissures C. A patient with a history of hemorrhoids
D. A patient who has hypersensitivity - - CORRECT ANSWER B. A patient who has not
passed stool in 5 days" "What is the category class of Lithium? A. Antidiabetics, biguanides B. Mood stabilizers C. Antiarrhythmics, anticonvulsants
D. Vascular headache suppressants - - CORRECT ANSWER B. Mood stabilizers"
"What do you need to teach your patient if they are taking sennosides? Select All That Apply. A. Laxatives should be used for short-term therapy B. The medication does not cure hypothyroidism C. The color of the urine may change to a pink, red, violet, yellow, or brown
D. Make sure other forms of bowel regulation are being used - CORRECT ANSWER -A.
Laxatives should be used for short-term therapy The color of the urine may change to a pink, red, violet, yellow, or brown Make sure other forms of bowel regulation are being used" "What is the therapeutic use of Phenytoin? A. Replacement in hypothyroidism to restore normal hormonal balance B. Diminished accumulation of acid in the gastric lumen with lessened gastroesophageal reflux C. Diminished seizure activity, termination of ventricular arrhythmias D. Prevention of thrombus formation, prevention of extension of
existing thrombi - CORRECT ANSWER - C. Diminished seizure activity, termination of
ventricular arrhythmias" "Which of the following should be monitored for patients taking diuretics? (select all that apply)
D) Erectile dysfunction drugs - - CORRECT ANSWER D ) Erectile dysfunction drugs"
"What is the classification of Ondansetron? a. Antihypertensive b. Antiarrthymia c. Antiemetic
d. Antiulcer agent - CORRECT ANSWER c. Antiemetic"
"Before administering Digoxin, the nurse should complete which task? A. Obtain an ECG B. Count apical Pulse for 1 minute C. Take temperature
D. Obtain I/O - - CORRECT ANSWER B. Count apical Pulse for 1 minute"
"What serious adverse reaction can occur with the loop diuretic Furosemide? A. Stevens-Johnsons syndrome B. GI bleeding C. Hypertension
D. Bradycardia - - CORRECT ANSWER A. Stevens-Johnsons syndrome"
"If a patient is taking an ACE inhibitor, the nurse should monitor for signs of angioedema which include? A. Vomiting B. Dyspnea C. Constipation
D. Epistaxis - - CORRECT ANSWER B. Dyspnea"
"Ace Inhibitors often end in? A) -ale B) -olol C) -pril
D) -ide - - CORRECT ANSWER C) -pril"
"What is a side effect for Phenytoin? a) Suicidal thoughts b) Dry mouth c) Blood in urine
d) Tremor - - CORRECT ANSWER a) Suicidal thoughts"
"A patient with_____ should stop taking NSAIDs A. Peptic Ulcers B. Headaches
C. Cramps
D. Nausea - - CORRECT ANSWER A. Peptic Ulcers"
"When administering the opioid Morphine to a patient, it is given in doses of a. 2-5 mg every 3-4 hours b. 10-12 mg every 4 hours c. 1-2mg every 8 hours
d. 25 mg every 6 hours - - CORRECT ANSWER a. 2-5 mg every 3-4 hours"
"When administering the opioid Morphine to a patient, it is given in doses of a. 2-5 mg every 3-4 hours b. 10-12 mg every 4 hours c. 1-2mg every 8 hours
d. 25 mg every 6 hours - - CORRECT ANSWER a. 2-5 mg every 3-4 hours"
"If you are treating a patient that has renal failure, what type of pain medications should you avoid? a. Opioids b. NSAIDs c. Nonopioids
d. Short-acting analgesics - - CORRECT ANSWER b. NSAIDs"
"A common side effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors is a. Suicidal thoughts b. Toxic epidermal necrosis c. Heart failure
d. cough - d. cough - CORRECT ANSWER d. cough"
"How can Ondansetron be administered? Select all that apply. A. PO B. IV C. Subcutaneous
D. IM - A. PO - CORRECT ANSWER B. IV
D. IM"
"Drug used for v-fib, flutter, unstable tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER Epinephrine"
"Drug used to increase cardiac output in heart failure - CORRECT ANSWER dobutamine"
"A pt prescribed furosemide 60 mg PO bid, is being instructed on admin and side effects. The nurse should instruct the pt to eat which foods while taking furosemide? (multiple answers) Beans and bananas Vanilla and bread spinach and potatoes Appleauce and rice Tomatoes and squash
Dried apricots and raisins - CORRECT ANSWER beans, bananas, spinach, potatoes, tomatoes,
squash, dried apricots and raisins" "A pt taking bisacodyl (dulcolax) asks the nurse how the medication works. The nurse knows that bisocodyl: Is bulk-producing Is an osmotic laxative Stimulates the myenteric plexus
Reduces stool surface tension - CORRECT ANSWER stimulates the myenteric plexus"
"A pt with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed glipizide, a sulfonylurea. Which common side effect should the nurse include in the discharge instructions? Weight gain Liver failure Ecchymosis
Jaundice - CORRECT ANSWER weight gain"
"A pt diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse was given Quinidine IV for an arrhythmia. The nurse understands that the patient is experiencing a common adverse reaction when: The pt reports muscle weakness The pt is having frequent watery diarrhea The pt complains of back pain
The pt reports ringing in the ears - CORRECT ANSWER The pt is having frequent watery
diarrhea" "A pt is prescribed gentamicin ophthalmic drops for the treatment of conjunctivitis. Which of the following statements indicates to the nurse that the pt requires additional instruction? "I should never touch the tip of the applicator to my eye" "I should contact the physician if the eye drops cause burning or itching" "I should avoid sharing the drops with my spouse"
"I should wash my hands before and after admin" - CORRECT ANSWER I should contact the
physician if the eye drops cause burning or itching" "A pt has been diagnosed with Klinefelter Syndrome. The nurse, understanding the effects of this disorder, would expect the physician to prescribe: Desogestral/Ethinyl estradoil Spironolactone Finasteride
Testosterone topical - CORRECT ANSWER testosterone topical"
"A pt with hypertension is being treated with clonidine, 0.1 mg PO twice a day. The nurse understands that this med is lipid-soluble so it can cause vasodilation by acting on: Alpha-2 receptors in the brain Beta-2 receptors in the brain Beta-2 receptors in the blood vessels
Alpha-1 receptors in the blood vessels - CORRECT ANSWER alpha-2 receptors in the brain"
"The nurse is assessing a pt receiving epidural analgesia after a total knee replacement. Which of the following nursing assessments is the priority? Assessing the epidural site every 12 hrs Assessing peripheral pulses Assessing the pt's legs for sensation
Keeping the patient on flat bed rest - CORRECT ANSWER assessing the pt's legs for
sensation" "A pt is prescribed levodopa for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The nurse should assess the pt for which side effect?(multiple) Dizziness Diarrhea Excessive secretions Hypertension
Psychosis - CORRECT ANSWER dizziness, psychosis"
"A nurse is caring for a critical burn patient. The pt is suffering from intense pain and required medication. The nurse should expect the physician to prescribe which of the following? Morphine sulfate, IV Oxycodone via NG tube
Increased intracranial pressure Increased urinary output Decreased WBC count
Decreased body temperature - CORRECT ANSWER increased urinary output"
"A pt is admitted to the hospital after taking penicillin antibiotics for 25 days. The nurse should assess the pt for which side effect of long-term antibiotic therapy? C. difficile colitis Constipation Arrhythmias
Respiratory distress - CORRECT ANSWER c. diff"
"A hospitalized pt has been prescribed aspart to replace his metformin. The nurse should administer this med: 30 min before meals Before bedtime Twice a day
15 min before meals - CORRECT ANSWER 15 min before meals"
"The physician orders a dose of procainimide to be administered to a pt. Which of the following is most important for the nurse to assess before administering this medication? Hemoglobin Urine output BUN and creatinine
Blood pressure and heart rate - CORRECT ANSWER blood pressure and heart rate"
"A pt with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed miglitol, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. The nurse should instruct the patient to take this med: 30 min before meals With the first bite First thing in the morning
Before bed - CORRECT ANSWER with the first bite"
"A nurse administers 15 units of glargine at bedtime because it peaks after: 4 hrs 12 hrs 8 hrs
It does not peak - CORRECT ANSWER It does not peak"
"Medicines that treat heart, blood vessel, and kidney problems. Side effects: hypotension, acute
renal failure, and hyperkalemia - CORRECT ANSWER ACE inhibitors"
"A pt with liver disease is prescribed colestipol, a bile acid suquestrant, for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Which of the following common side effects should the nurse include in the pt's medication instructions? Tinnitus Elevated liver enzymes Jaundice
Constipation - CORRECT ANSWER constipation"
"A nauseated pt has been prescribed promethazine. Which of the following side effects should the nurse assess for? Drooling Diarrhea Insomnia
Tardive dyskinesia - CORRECT ANSWER tardive dyskinesia"
"Class of medications known for effects on the CNS, autonomic nervous system, and extrapyramidal system. Side effects: confusion, blurred vision, drowsiness, dry mouth, tinnitus,
constipation, dystonia, tardive dyskinesia, akathisia - CORRECT ANSWER phenothiazines"
"A pt is receiving IV ceftriaxone for the treatment of pneumonia. The nurse should monitor the patient for which severe side effect? Seizures Diarrhea Arrhythmias
Nausea - CORRECT ANSWER seizures"
"A pt in severe respiratory distress is prescribed continuous albuterol nebulizers. Which of the following side effects should the nurse expect? (multiple) Excessive salivation Dizziness Tremors Bradycardia Urticaria
Hyperglycemia Arrhythmias
Hot flashes - CORRECT ANSWER hot flashes"
"A pt is prescribed benztropine for Parkinson's disease. The nurse should closely monitor which of the following to assess for a common side effect? Hemoglobin O2 saturation Intake and Output
Respirations - CORRECT ANSWER intake and output"
"A pt recently prescribed with ezetimibe asks the nurse why he needs this medication. Understanding the mechanism of action, the nurse knows ezetimibe is used to treat: Osteoporosis CHF Hyperlipidemia
Hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER hyperlipidemia"
"A nurse is preparing a pt for a procedure requiring conscious sedation. The nurse will administer which short acting benzodiazepine? Midazolam Diazepam Chlordiazepoxide
Lorazepam - CORRECT ANSWER Midazolam"
"A nurse is preparing an insulin infusion for a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis. The nurse should prepare: Regular insulin in normal saline Glargine in normal saline Regular insulin in 5% dextrose in water
NPH in normal saline - CORRECT ANSWER regular insulin in normal saline"
"A pt is admitted to the hospital for glyburide overdose. The nurse expects the physician to order the parenteral administration of: Insulin Glucagon Naloxone
Dextrose - CORRECT ANSWER dextrose"
"A nurse is administering O2 via a NRB, which of the following would help facilitate ventilation? Secure the mask tightly Apply gauze to the straps to decrease skin breakdown Keep the flow rate under 4 LPM
Place the head of the bed in an upright position - CORRECT ANSWER Place the head of the
bed in an upright position" "A pt is prescribed allopurinol for the long term treatment of gout. The nurse should include which of the following in the teaching plan?(multiple) Avoid an alkaline diet Increase sodium intake Avoid the use of alcohol Increase fluid intake to 3L per day Take the drug 30 min after meals
Avoid excessive calcium intake - CORRECT ANSWER avoid the use of alcohol, increase fluid
intake, take the drug 30 min after meals, and avoid excessive calcium" "A diabetic pt receives insulin aspart, 4 units SQ at 12:30 pm for meal coverage. The nurse would most likely see signs of hypoglycemia at what time? 1- 1:30-3: 1-1:
1:30-2:30 - CORRECT ANSWER 1:30-3:30"
"A pt has been prescribed sitagliptin for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Which of the following is an added benefit to the use of this medication? Improved BPH symptoms Improved GERD symptoms Less weight gain
Lowered blood pressure - CORRECT ANSWER less weight gain"
"A nursing student assesses the pain of a patient suffering from pancreatitis. The nursing student would refer to this type of pain as: Visceral pain Phantom limb pain
Inhibiting epinephrine Increasing vasoconstriction Preventing sodium resorption Decreasing heart rate
Decreasing systemic vascular resistance - CORRECT ANSWER preventing sodium resorption,
decreasing systemic vascular resistance" "A nurse is caring for a patient taking moxifloxacin for the treatment of endocarditis. The nurse should monitor the pt's heart rhythm for: PR prolongation ST elevation QT prolongation
ST depression - CORRECT ANSWER QT prolongation"
"The nurse is reviewing the lab results of an elderly woman that has been taking propylthiouracil for 3 months. The nurse will most likely not which abnormality? Hypokalemia Seizures Agranulocytosis
Hyperkalemia - CORRECT ANSWER agranulocytosis"
"A pt has been taking bismuth subsalicylate for the treatment of acute diarrhea. He tells the nurse he is concerned about black stool and the possibility of GI bleed. What should the nurse do? Tell the pt that black stools are normal Assess the pt for symptoms of anemia Immediately inform the physician
Ask the pt if he has had a colonoscopy - CORRECT ANSWER tell the pt that black stools are
normal" "A pt has been prescribed nateglinide for the treatment of postprandial hyperglycemia. The pt should take this medication: 30 min or less before each meal Every morning After each meal
Before bedtime - CORRECT ANSWER 30 min or less before each meal"
"A nurse administers diazepam for a pt on mechanical ventilation. The nurse should be alert for which possible side effect? Respiratory depression Lethargy Hypotension
Sedation - CORRECT ANSWER hypotension"
"A pt with Parkinson's disease switched from levodopa to ropinirole. The nurse should be alert for which side effect unique to ropinirole? Psychosis Sleep attacks Postural hypotension
Dry mouth - CORRECT ANSWER sleep attacks"
"A 55 y/o male is prescribed labetalol for hypertension. The pt discontinued his medication due to side effects. Which of the following pt statements is the most probable statement that describes the reason for his noncompliance? "I can't have sex" "I get agitated" "I become confused"
"I can't fall asleep" - CORRECT ANSWER I can't have sex"
"A pt is prescribed sildenafil for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. The nurse should include which of the following potentially serious side effects on the teaching plan? Flushing Hypotension Headache
Confusion - CORRECT ANSWER hypotension"
"A nurse is preparing to administer regular insulin, 10 units SQ before mealtime. How long before mealtime should the nurse administer the insulin? 60 min 30 min 15 min
45 min - CORRECT ANSWER 30 min"
"A pt experiencing an acute gout attack is prescribed antigout med to reduce inflammation and pain. The physician prescribes colchicine, 1.2 mg PO as a loading dose, followed by 0.6 mg every hr (up to 16 doses) until relief is obtained or until adverse reactions develop. When can the pt expect relief from pain and inflammation? 5 hrs 3 hrs 12 hrs
10 hrs - CORRECT ANSWER 12 hrs"
"The nurse monitors a pt taking alendronate for which common side effect? Hypercalcemia Confusion GI irritation
Hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER GI irritation"
"What symptoms are associated with digoxin toxicity? Diarrhea Abdominal cramps urinary retention Taste alterations Nausea/vomiting
Visual disturbances - CORRECT ANSWER Diarrhea, visual disturbances, abdominal cramps,
nausea/vomiting" "When administering the drug senna to a patient, a health care provider must inform the patient of which of the following A. This drug is intended to lower blood pressure and is best used in combination with other antihypertensives b. This drug is not intended for long term use c. The patient must limit his/her fiber intake d. Advise patient to change positions slowly to limit the risk of
orthostatic hypotension - - CORRECT ANSWER b. This drug is not intended for long term
use" "When giving digoxin (Lanoxin) to a patient, the health care provider notices various signs and symptoms of an overdose. The health care provider knows to give which of the following to reverse digoxin toxicity a. Naloxone
b. Vitamin K c. Digibind
d. Fluemanzil - - CORRECT ANSWER c. Digibind"
"While providing an Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, the patient asks
- what the action of the drug is. As a health care provider, you explain that the action of an ACE inhibitor is a. To lower blood pressure by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to vasoconstrictor angiotensin II b. To inhibit reabsorption of sodium back into the body, ultimately increasing urine output and lowering blood pressure c. To decrease heart rate and blood pressure by competing with Beta1 and Beta2 receptors in the heart and lungs
d. To lower blood glucose by stimulating the release of insulin - - CORRECT ANSWER a. To
lower blood pressure by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to vasoconstrictor angiotensin II" "Which of the following types of insulin is "long-acting"? a. Lispro (Humalog) b. NPH (Humulin N) c. Regular insulin (Humulin R)
d. Glargine (Lantus) - - CORRECT ANSWER d. Glargine (Lantus)"
"What is the therapeutic use of metformin? A. Lower blood pressure. B. To diminish seizure activity. C. The maintenance of a person's blood glucose.
D. Increase heart rate and decrease gastrointestinal secretions. - - CORRECT ANSWER C. The
maintenance of a person's blood glucose." "What is the correct definition for absorption of a drug? A. Movement of drug from site of administration to various tissues of the body. B. Describes the absorption, distribution, metabolism & excretion of drugs. C. These types of drugs can be taken over the counter.
D. This addresses how various drugs affect different forms of the body - CORRECT ANSWER -
A.
Movement of drug from site of administration to various tissues of the body" "When administering a Serotonin Antagonist it is important to monitor for
