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Art Appreciation Note, Lecture notes of Art

Cavite State University (CSU)Art

Notes about art appreciation and other medium of arts

Typology: Lecture notes

2020/2021

Uploaded on 05/24/2021

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ART APPRECIATION

-Visual arts (shading techniques,

painting, architecture, sculpture,

literature, photography)

-Performing arts (dance, sing)

-Art history (transition of arts)

HUMANITIES

-It contains the records of man’s

quest for answers to the

fundamental questions he asks

about himself and the world he

lived

DEFINITION OF ARTS

Life is shorts but art endures –

Hippocrates

True art is characterized by an

irresistible urge in the creative

artist – Albert Einstein

Art washed away from soul the

dust of everyday life – Pablo

Picasso

PURPOSES AND FUNCTIONS OF

ARTS

1. It is form of entertainment

2. A medium for political and social

commentary

3. Art provides a record of life at a

given space and time

4. It helps us understand man better

5. Art is a powerful tool of

communication

TWO IMPORTANT PARTIES

INVOLVED IN ARTS

The Maker

-Also called as an artist

-A person who brings his/her

ideas, feelings and social

condition

-The one who chooses the

medium that best expresses

what he/she wants

The Viewer

-Also called as gazer, onlooker

or audience

-Takes the role of an art critic:

historical, social, biographic

etc.

ARTS: AS VIEWED BY PHILOSOPHY

Plato – He have loved and hated

arts at the same time

Two ideas of the arts

1. Arts is imitation

2. Arts is dangerous

Aristotle – regarding the arts,

aristotle distinguised between

what is good and what is beautiful

oForms – real changes the

original

Immanuel Kant – His main

interest was nit in art itself but on

beauty; in other words, beauty is

a matter of taste

oSubjective taste – does not

focus on the properties on

the properties of the object

but rather on the pleasure

once it is experienced

oUniversal taste – the

artwork is appreciated for

what it is.

ARTIST AND ARTISANS

Artist

-Person who exhibits

exceptional skills in visual arts

and performing arts

-Their output is defined as

formal expression

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ART APPRECIATION

Visual arts (shading techniques, painting, architecture, sculpture, literature, photography)
Performing arts (dance, sing)
Art history (transition of arts) HUMANITIES
It contains the records of man’s quest for answers to the fundamental questions he asks about himself and the world he lived DEFINITION OF ARTS  Life is shorts but art endures – Hippocrates  True art is characterized by an irresistible urge in the creative artist – Albert Einstein  Art washed away from soul the dust of everyday life – Pablo Picasso PURPOSES AND FUNCTIONS OF ARTS

It is form of entertainment
A medium for political and social commentary
Art provides a record of life at a given space and time
It helps us understand man better
Art is a powerful tool of communication TWO IMPORTANT PARTIES INVOLVED IN ARTS  The Maker

Also called as an artist
A person who brings his/her ideas, feelings and social condition
The one who chooses the medium that best expresses what he/she wants  The Viewer
Also called as gazer, onlooker or audience
Takes the role of an art critic: historical, social, biographic etc. ARTS: AS VIEWED BY PHILOSOPHY  Plato – He have loved and hated arts at the same time Two ideas of the arts

Arts is imitation
Arts is dangerous  Aristotle – regarding the arts, aristotle distinguised between what is good and what is beautiful o Forms – real changes the original  Immanuel Kant – His main interest was nit in art itself but on beauty; in other words, beauty is a matter of taste o Subjective taste – does not focus on the properties on the properties of the object but rather on the pleasure once it is experienced o Universal taste – the artwork is appreciated for what it is. ARTIST AND ARTISANS  Artist - Person who exhibits exceptional skills in visual arts and performing arts - Their output is defined as formal expression

 Artisans

- Person who is in a skilled trade that involves making things by hand - Also known as craftworker - His/her creations may be functional or decorative - Handmade products or skilled artisans are priced more than factory-made products ELEMENTS OF VISUAL ARTS  Line – it is used to lead the viewer’s eye throughout the artwork. It has width and length o Five basic kinds of lines

Vertical line – represent stillness
Horizontal lines – symbolizes rest and peace
Curve lines – slowly change of direction
Zigzag – sudden change of direction
Diagonal – rising and falling  Shapes – there are two types of shapes:
Geometric shapes – kind of shape that can be studied mathematically because they possess sides and angles
Free-form shapes – kind of shape that are not studied mathematically because of their irregular and uneven shapes  Texture – it refers to how things feel when touched. The appearance of roughness and smoothness of visual texture is determined by the value it has o Two types:
Tactile texture – when you touch something to feel its texture
Visual texture – when you see the image or photographs, it can remind you how those objects feel  Color – an element of art that results from the light waves reflected from objects to our eyes. o Violet – darkest color o Yellow – lightest color o Warm colors – yellow, red, orange o Cool Colors – blue, green, violet o Neutral colors – black, white, gray o Primary colors – red, blue, yellow o Secondary colors – orange, violet, green o Intermediate Colors - Red- Orange, Yellow-Orange, Yellow-Green, Blue-Green, Blue-Violet, Red-Violet (combination of one primary and one secondary color) or tertiary color  Space
Positive – spaces that is being occupied
Negative – empty spaces SUBJECT AND CONTENT  Subject - What the work represents - A person, a scene or an event
Representational or objective arts –

Classification of arts based on medium

Visual Arts – this art form can be perceived by the eyes, so its medium must be seen and can occupy space
Auditory Arts – the medium for this art are those that the viewers can hear such as music and literature
Combined arts – the medium for this art are those that are the viewers can see and hear. These includes dance, drama, and cinema The Different Media of the Visual Arts A. Two-Dimensional Arts
Pencil – made up of graphite which comes in different hardness from soft to hard or thickness making wide range of values o Most common surface: paper o Shading Techniques  Hatching – series of thin parallel lines that run in the same direction  Cross Hatching – series of thin parallel lines and crisscrossing it with another set of thin parallel lines  Stippling – the sharp point of the pencil is used to create dot pattern  Blending – accomplished by using the finger or paper stump
Ink - one of the oldest material for drawing - mostly used in making calligraphy or beautiful handwriting
Pastel – composed of dry pigment held together by a gum binder and compressed into sticks o Pastel Techniques  Stippling – using pastel of different colors to produce small marks creating a pattern  Feathering – using point of a pastel to make parallel strokes  Scumbling – the side of the pastel is lightly drawn on top of an existing color still visible  Sgraffito – applying thick deposit of color then scrape it off to reveal underlying color
Charcoal – this is an organic medium that comes from burnt wood
Paper - this is the most common surface used in 2D art - an organic material made from wood, grass and linen rags
Painting - a painting is an image created using pigments on a surface such as paper or canvas - the pigment may be in a wet form, such as paint or a dry form
o Watercolor – the pigment is mixed with water and applied to paper

o Gouache – the pigment is mixed with water and added with a chalk-like material to give it an opaque effect o Oil Paints – the pigment is mixed with oil that gives rich, beautiful colors. Slow to dry which allows change. Time also causes the oil to crack o Tempera – the pigment is mixed with egg yolk or glue as alternative. It dries quickly and the colors do not dull or yellow with age o Acrylic – it has the quick drying quality of watercolor and is flexible as oil paints. It can be applied almost in any type of surface. o Coffee – created simply by adding coffee to water and varying the strength to get different tones

Mosaic – these are wall or floor decorations made of small tiles or irregularly cut pieces of colored stones or glass called tesserae
Collage – a technique of making artwork by gluing or pasting on a firm support material or found objects ARCHITECTURE - It is the art of creating designs for buildings and other structures (varies to simple and high-rise)

CONSTRUCTION PRINCIPLES

Post and Lintel - Most houses are built on this principle - Oldest construction system - Invented by greeks
Arch - Consists separate pieces of wedge-shaped blocks called voussoirs arranged in semi- circle - Keystone – most important part - Structures can be built in arch o Barrel Vault – succession of arches, one places directly behind another to produce a structure similar to tunnel o Groin Vault – formed by intersecting arches in four openings  Bay – point of intersection o Dome – a structure with the shape of an inverted cup o Truss – system of triangular forms assembled to form a rigid framework o Cantilever – makes use of a beam or slab that extends horizontally into space beyond its supporting post o Buttress – this is a structure that is built as a support for the wall MEDIA OF ARCHITECTURE  Stones and bricks  Lumber (wood)  Iron and Steel

Art Appreciation Note, Lecture notes of Art

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ART APPRECIATION

CONSTRUCTION PRINCIPLES