Anatomy: Understanding the Structure of the Human Body, Slides of Anatomy

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Anatomy

Presented by: Abigail Atiwag

Anatomy is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure and organization of living organisms. It involves examining the parts, components, and systems that make up organisms, including humans, animals, and plants. Here are some key topics in anatomy:

Human Anatomy

Systems anatomy : Study of the major systems of the human body, such as the skeletal, muscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, nervous, endocrine, reproductive, and urinary systems.

Anatomical Terminology

Anatomical position : Standard reference position for describing the location and orientation of body parts, with the body standing upright, arms at the sides, palms facing forward, and feet parallel. Anatomical planes : Imaginary planes used to divide the body into sections for description and visualization, such as sagittal, frontal (coronal), and transverse (horizontal) planes.

Organ Systems

Skeletal system : Bones, cartilage, ligaments, and joints that provide support, protection, movement, and mineral storage (e.g., calcium and phosphorus). Muscular system : Muscles and tendons that enable movement, maintain posture, generate heat, and support bodily functions.

Organ Systems

Cardiovascular system : Heart, blood vessels, and blood responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. Respiratory system : Lungs, trachea, bronchi, and diaphragm involved in breathing, gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide), and maintaining acid-base balance.

Organ Systems

Endocrine system : Glands (e.g., pituitary, thyroid, adrenal) and hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, development, reproduction, and stress responses. Reproductive system : Male and female reproductive organs (e.g., testes, ovaries, uterus) responsible for reproduction, hormone production, and sexual development.

Organ Systems

Urinary system : Kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra involved in filtering blood, excreting waste products (e.g., urine), and maintaining fluid balance.

Developmental Anatomy

Embryology : Study of the development of organisms from

fertilization to birth, including embryonic and fetal stages.

Growth and maturation : Processes of growth,

differentiation, and maturation of tissues, organs, and

systems throughout life stages.

Comparative Anatomy

Comparative anatomy : Study of anatomical similarities and differences among different species to understand evolutionary relationships, adaptations, and functional diversity. Homologous structures : Structures with similar evolutionary origins but may have different functions in different species (e.g., forelimbs of mammals).

Clinical Anatomy

Applied anatomy : Application of anatomical knowledge in medical diagnosis, treatment, surgery, imaging techniques (e.g., MRI, CT scan), and medical education. Pathological anatomy : Study of anatomical changes and abnormalities associated with diseases, injuries, and disorders.

Clinical Anatomy

Radiological anatomy : Interpretation of anatomical structures in medical imaging studies, such as X-rays, ultrasounds, and MRIs.

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